Book VIII 555the rebellion of Chang naturally ceased. Then, the government established
towns along the river that extended a thousand li, from Ŭiju to Yŏyŏn,^58 and
installed magistrates in them, making the Yalu River our national border.
Japanese islanders also changed their attitude and sent their envoys,
resuming trade with us. So the people of the southern provinces were able
to feel secure. As a result, the regional population began to grow [along with
villages], and the people in one village could hear the sound of crowing
chickens and barking dogs in the next. The lands along the coast and on
distant islands were all reclaimed, and the people lived in peace, eating and
drinking every day, forgetting war.
Since the Northeast Region served as the foundation of our dynasty, it
has long commanded the awe of Jurchen leaders, who were grateful for the
king’s benevolent virtue. So the chiefs of the Jurchens in distant regions
such as Yilan^59 defected to our country. Always carrying swords and bows
with them, they served as guards for our king even before the king rose to
the throne and followed the king in numerous expeditions and battles.
The Jurchen chiefs who came to serve our king were as follows:^60 Jiawen
Menggetiemurer, myriarch (douman) of Woduoli; Gulun Ahachu, myriarch
of Huoera; Gubuere, myriarch of Tuowen; Xitanhelangha, Mongol overseer
(dudaluhachi) of Hamnan [Hamju];^61 Guluntuolan Tiemurer, chiliarch (mengan)
of Samsan; Fuyimowuerzhu, miryarch of Yilan Tumen; Guaeryahuoshi
Tiemur, chiliarch of Haeyang [Kilchu]; Aotunwanzhe, chiliarch of Aduge;
Xitantasi, chiliarch of Shiyanchun; Yunganggua, chiliarch of Kapchu [Kapsan];
Guaeryawunan, chiliarch of Honggŭng [Hongwŏn];^62 Zhuhuguidong, chil-
iarch of Haet’ong; Jiawenbuhua, chiliarch of Tongnool [Tanch’ŏn]; Xitanxuelie,
chiliarch of Kanhap; Jiawenchiwuli, chiliarch of Wuerhuli; Zhuhuyindahu,
chiliarch of Asa [Asha]; Zhuhuwanzhe, chiliarch of Rencekuoshi; Nuantugulu
and Xitanboya, chiliarch of Orongso [Chongsŏng];^63 Gulunboli, chiliarch of
Tomun [Tumen]; Xitanguyunu, company commander (tanggua) of Amula;
and so forth. The other Jurchen tribal leaders [who joined and served our
- Located in Kwisŏng in North P’yŏngan Province.
- It is presumed to be a county in south- central Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Tumen or Maengan in the Jurchen language mean “chief ” and a place name. For this
reason, the names of Jurchen leaders are often confusing and certain place names hard to
ident if y. - A district presumed to be located near Hamhŭng, South Hamgyŏng Province.
- Located in South Hamgyŏng Province.
- Located in North Hamgyŏng Province.