156 notes to pages 1–4
Mudéjars from Almonezir, travelling to serve in the king’s army, were protected
from seizures. See ACA, R. 62 , fol. 81 v ( 7 Sep. 1284 ): “... Unde cum dicti Sar-
raceni sint in servicio domini Regis et nostro in hunc exercitum quem dominus
Rex proponit facere contra regnum Navarre, mandamus vobis ex parte domini
Regis et nostra quatenus dictos Sarracenos non pignoretis dum fuerint in dicto
servicio. Immo restituatis eisdem [... ]qua pignora eis fecistis.” Muslim merchants
from Granada and Jewish merchants from Castile were also protected from such
seizures. See ARV, Justicia de Valencia, 1 , fol. 10 ( 1279 ) and ARV, Justicia de Va-
lencia, 1 , fol. 10 v ( 11 Mar. 1279 ).
4. For the requirement for foreigners to travel on public roads, see ACA, R. 48 ,
fol. 135 r ( 1280 ) and ACA, R. 66 , fol. 152 v ( 27 July 1286 ).
5. ACA, R. 56 , fol. 93 v ( 3 May 1285 ).
6. ACA, R. 58 , fol. 22 v ( 3 May 1285 ): “Bernardo Martini, baiulo Ville Franche,
quod non exigat a nunciis Sarracenis de Cahim, filio Jahie Abebbaquem, illos
quindecim solidos quos eisdem accomodavit. Immo si aliquos fideiussores ab eis
recepit absolvat, cum dominus Rex mandet per presentes [dict]os quindecim solidi
recipi in compotum per Guillelmum de Rocha a dicto Bernardo [Mar]tini.”
7. I use North Africa as a synonym of what is called the “Maghrib” in Arabic
sources, meaning northwest Africa, west of Egypt.
8. While general histories do not mention these soldiers, more specialized ac-
counts of the Crown of Aragon do but rarely and without specificity. Among those
that do see, Àngels Masià i de Ros, La Corona de Aragón y los estados del Norte
de África: política de Jaime II y Alfonso IV en Egipto, Ifriquía y Tremecén; idem,
Jaume II: Aragó, Granada, i Marroc: apportació documental; John Boswell, The
Royal Treasure: Muslim Communities under the Crown of Aragon in the Four-
teenth Century, esp. 186 – 87 ; María Teresa Ferrer i Mallol, La frontera amb l’Islam
en el segle XIV: christians i sarraïns al país Valencià; and Elena Lourie, “Anatomy
of Ambivalence: Muslims under the Crown of Aragon in the Late Thirteenth Cen-
tury,” in Crusade and Colonisation: Muslims, Christians and Jews in Medieval Ara-
gon, 1 – 77.
9. There have been four articles or book chapters on the jenets: Brian Cat-
los, “ ‘Mahomet Abenadalill’: A Muslim Mercenary in the Service of the Kings
of Aragon, 1290 – 1291 ,” in Jews, Muslims and Christians in and Around the Me-
dieval Crown of Aragon: Studies in Honour of Prof. Elena Lourie, ed. Harvey J.
Hames, 257 – 302 ; Elena Lourie, “A Jewish Mercenary in the Service of the King
of Aragon,” Revue des études juives 137 ( 1978 ): 367 – 73 ; Faustino D. Gazulla, “Las
compañías de Zenetes en el reino de Aragón,” Boletín de la Real Academia de
la Historia 90 ( 1927 ): 174 – 96 ; and Andrés Giménez Soler, “Caballeros españoles
en Africa y africanos en España,” Revue Hispanique 12 , 16 ( 1905 ): 299 – 372. See
also Ferrer i Mallol, “La organización militar,” 186 : “Por el momento, el cuerpo
de la ‘geneta’ no está estudiado, aunque hay documentación para hacerlo.” There
is also a handful of studies of Muslim soldiers, who were not jenets, in the service