218 notes to pages 92–94
( 2014 ): 601 – 31. See also Peter Linehan, The Spanish Church and the Papacy in the
Thirteenth Century; and Damian J. Smith, Innocent III and the Crown of Aragon:
The Limits of Papal Authority.
130. Demetrio Mansilla, La documentación pontificia de Honorio III ( 1216 –
1227 ), docs. 243 , 439 , 562 , 579 , 588 , 590 , and 595 , as cited in Barton, “Traitors to
the Faith?” 37.
131. Barton, “Traitors to the Faith?” 37. See also Muldoon, Popes, Lawyers,
and Infidels, 41 , 52 , 54 ; Alemany, Milicias cristianas, esp. 137 – 42 ; and Mas Latrie,
Traités de paix, docs. 10 , 15 , 17 , and 18.
132. Franciscus Balme, ed., Raymundia seu documenta quae pertinent ad S. Ray-
mundi de Pennaforti vitam et scripta, 35 , as cited in Burns, “Renegades, Adventur-
ers, and Sharp Businessmen,” 354.
133. ACA, CR, Jaume II, caixa 25 , no. 3189 ( 1308 ). These bishops were Do-
minican and Franciscan legates of the Papacy. See López, Obispas en el África
Septentrional, 1 – 10.
134. On Tunis, see Brunschvig, Berberie orientale, 447 – 48. On Tlemcen, see
Alemany, “Milicias cristianas,” 159.
135. Alemany, “Milicias cristianas,” 169.
136. Felipe Maíllo Salgado, “Precisiones para la historia de un grupo étnico-
religioso: los farfanes,” Al- Qanṭara 4 ( 1983 ): 265 – 81 ; and Salicrú, “Mercenaires
castillans,” 423 – 25 , who suggests that perhaps a famine or plague prompted the
departure of these families.
137. Salicrú, “Mercenaires castillans,” 427 – 31.
138. ACA, R. 1954 , fol. 10 v; and ACA, R. 2855 , fol. 190 v, as cited by Alemany,
“Milicias cristianas,” 68 – 69.
139. Jacques Heers and Georgette de Groër, eds. and trans., Itinéraire
d’Anselme Adorno en Terre Sainte ( 1470 – 1471 ), 106 – 8.
140. Mas- Latrie, Traités de paix, 339 – 40.
141. Lapiedra, “Christian Participation in Almohad Armies,” 237.
142. Lapiedra, “Christian Participation in Almohad Armies,” 245.
143. Lapiedra, “Christian Participation in Almohad Armies,” 242.
144. Lapiedra, “Christian Participation in Almohad Armies,” 236 , 247.
145. Cf. Shelomo Dov Goitein, A Mediterranean Society, I: 130 – 31 , speaking of
the mamlūk tradition.
146. On military slaves across history, see a recent collection of essays, Chris-
topher Leslie Brown and Philip D. Morgan, eds., Arming Slaves: From Classical
Times to the Modern Age. On military slavery in the Islamic context, see David
Ayalon, The Mamluk Military Society; Patricia Crone, Slaves on Horses: The Evo-
lution of the Islamic Polity; Daniel Pipes, Slave Soldiers and Islam: The Genesis
of a Military System; Christopher I. Beckwith, “Aspects of Early History of the
Central Asian Guard Corps in Islam,” Archivum Eurasie Medii Aevi 4 ( 1984 ): 29 –
43 ; David Ayalon, “The Mamlūks of the Seljuks: Islam’s Military Might at the