100 Galoppini
position on maritime routes. The preexisting port structure in the wide gulf was
enlarged and transformed into one of the main ports of the Mediterranean.34
After the war against Genoa (1256–1258), the giudicato of Cagliari was divided
among the Pisan families that already possessed vast territories and interests
in Sardinia (Donoratico, da Capraia, Visconti). The ancient giudicato, capital of
Santa Igia, situated along the banks of the Santa Gilla basin, was also abolished
by the Pisans (1258).35 The giudicato d’Arborea was also dominated by a Pisan
dynasty, the da Capraia family, while the noble Pisan Visconti family governed
the giudicato of Gallura.36
The popes tried to impede the growing Pisan dominion over the island.
Conversely, the municipality of Pisa tried to consolidate its authority not
only through political-economic ties, but also through ecclesiastical ones.37
The municipality backed the visit of the Pisan archbishop Federico Visconti
of Ricoveranza, in his capacity as primate of Sardinia and emissary of the
pope (1263).38 In the midst of difficult relations between the popes and the
Pisan church, Pope Urban II had assigned the legation in Sardinia to Bishop
Dagobert, after the concession of the apostolic curacy in Corsica and the met-
ropolitan rights on the island (1091–1092).39 Over the course of the twelfth
century, primacy was granted to the archiepiscopal seats of Sardinia (Torres,
Cagliari, Oristano); therefore, the Pisan archbishops had the dual role of papal
emissary and primate of the Sardinian church. Initially, they represented
an opportunity for the Sardinian church, which was marginalized due to its
insularity.40 Subsequently, especially with the conquest of the island by the
34 Giuseppe Meloni, “La Sardegna nel quadro della politica mediterranea di Pisa, Genova e
l’Aragona,” in Guidetti, Storia dei Sardi e della Sardegna, vol. 2, pp. 49–96.
35 S. Igia. Capitale giudicale: Contributi all’incontro di Studio “Storia, ambiente fisico e insedia-
menti umani nel territorio di S.Gilla,” Cagliari, 3–5 novembre 1983 (Pisa, 1986).
36 Sandro Petrucci, Re in Sardegna, a Pisa cittadini. Ricerche sui “domini Sardinee” pisani
(Bologna, 1988).
37 Emilio Cristiani, I diritti di primazia e legazia in Sardegna degli arcivescovi pisani al tempo
di Federico Visconti (1254–1277) (Padua, 1963).
38 Nicole Bériou and Isabelle le Masne de Chermont, eds, Les sermons et la visite pastorale de
Federico Visconti archevêque de Pise (1253–1277) (Rome, 2001), pp. 1059–1068; Katherine L.
Jansen, Joanna Drell, and Frances Andrews, eds, “Federigo Visconti’s Pastoral Visitation to
Sardinia (1263),” in Medieval Italy. Texts in Translation, trans. William North (Philadelphia,
2009), pp. 47–50.
39 Michael Matzke, Daibert von Pisa. Zwischen Pisa, Papst und erstem Kreuzzug (Sigmaringen,
1998).
40 Raimondo Turtas, “L’arcivescovo di Pisa, legato pontificio e primate in Sardegna,” in Nel
IX centenario della metropoli ecclesiastica di Pisa, Atti del convegno di studi: Pisa 7–8 mag-
gio 1992 (Pisa, 1995), pp. 183–233; Mauro Ronzani, “La chiesa cittadina pisana tra Due e
Trecento,” in Genova, Pisa e il Mediterraneo tra Due e Trecento: per il VII centenario della