116 Papadia-Lala
the land and its administration was organised along feudal principles, though
urban institutions also existed. In this framework various Latin overlords ruled
a great number of local hereditary feudal domains. In subsequent stages of
their history, the original Crusader States in Latin Greece came under the sway
of various western lords who either accepted the former regime, albeit with
certain variations, as the Angevins did, or else imposed new institutions, as
was the case with the Catalans. A particular case among the later Latin domin-
ions in the Greek lands is that of the lordship of the Hospitallers in Rhodes
who issued, however, not from the Fourth Crusade but from the Latin Kingdom
of Jerusalem.
The second category consisted of the maritime states of the Greek lands,
principally that of Venice, in which the civic system of socio-administrative
organisation predominated, while feudal institutions, mainly of empirical
character, were adopted in parallel.
Τhe Post-1204 Crusaders States and Their Successor Latin Lordships
According to the 1204 Partitio terrarum imperii Romanie, one fourth of
the Byzantine territory and five eighths of Constantinople were awarded
to the Latin emperor, while three eighths of the city were granted to the
Venetians. The remainder of the Empire was divided among the Venetians
and the other crusaders.2
These post-1204 Crusader States of Romania never comprised an integral
political aggregation. Nevertheless, the entity preserved the elements of a
notional unified bloc with its chief point of reference being the short-lived
Latin Empire of Constantinople (1204–1261). This persisted even after the re-
conquest of Constantinople in 1261 by the Empire of Nicaea under Emperor
Μichael viii Palaiologos and, subsequently, the concession of the rights of the
empire of the titular Latin Emperor of Constantinople Baldwin ii to Charles i
of Anjou, King of Sicily (1267).3
2 Antonio Carile, “Partitio terrarum Imperii Romanie,” Studi Veneziani 7 (1965), 125–305.
3 For the Latin Empire of Constantinople, and especially its socio-administrative organisa-
tion, see Jean Longnon, L’Empire Latin de Constantinople et la Principauté de Morée (Paris,
1949), mainly pp. 49–186; Robert Lee Wolff, Studies in the Latin Empire of Constantinople
(London, 1976); Benjamin Hendrickx, Οι θεσμοί της Φραγκοκρατίας: Η Λατινική Αυτοκρατορία
Κωνσταντινουπόλεως και το Λατινικό Βασίλειο της Θεσσαλονίκης [The Institutions of the
Frangokratia: The Latin Empire of Constantinople and the Latin Kingdom of Thessalonica]
(Αthens, 2007), pp. 23–329; Filip van Tricht, The Latin Renovatio of Byzantium: The Empire of
Constantinople (1204–1228) (Leiden, 2011). See also Lock, Franks, pp. 35–57, 60–67, and 162–92.