The Latin and Greek Churches in former Byzantine Lands 173
received such bequests and it is noteworthy that some of the testators were
Greeks. They included members of the Latin rite, like Ioannes Ialina who
made bequests to all three orders, perhaps among other things to exhibit
their loyalty to the Latin rulers. In Patras the master cook Paul de Gondiano
or “Mastropoulos” provided for the Franciscan house of St Nicholas Blatteros,
a former Greek establishment, to inherit his property were his daughter Maria
to die without heirs, although his name suggests mixed parentage. The Greek
Stamatolos Spanopoulos also made a bequest to this house. This success as
preachers, while securing the mendicants bequests, also brought them into
conflict with the secular Latin clergy, especially over the issue of burial dues,
of which the secular clergy were entitled to one-fourth. In August 1363 Pope
Urban V authorised Archbishop Raymond de la Pradèle of Nicosia to censure
members of mendicant or monastic orders admitting excommunicates or their
corpses for burial, when the parish priests had refused to bury them, solely
in order to obtain bequests from them as well as the fees attendant on their
burial. Towards the end of the 15th century the Franciscan and Dominican
friars on Crete and Chios also clashed with the Latin secular church, which
accused them of infringing on their rights and depriving it of burial dues.58
The Military Orders in Frankish Greece
The military orders were the third group of regular clergy, besides the monks
and the mendicants, established in the previously Byzantine Greek lands. In
Cyprus the Templars, who purchased the island from King Richard i in 1191
only to return it to him following Greek revolts when they tried to impose new
taxes, acquired properties from at least the beginning of the 13th century, and by
1210 also possessed the castle of Gastria north of Famagusta. The Hospitallers,
arriving there just after 1198, when Pope Innocent iii asked them to contrib-
ute to the defence of the island, had properties in the diocese of Limassol by
May 1203. Possibly they constructed the castle of Saranda Kolones in Paphos,
modelled on their castle at Belvoir in Palestine, although there are also strong
grounds for ascribing its foundation to the Byzantines. The Templars came
into conflict with the crown, with King Hugh iii destroying Templar proper-
ties in 1279 when this order supported Charles of Anjou, a rival claimant to
58 Coureas, Latin Church 1195–1312, pp. 224–29; idem, Latin Church 1313–1378, pp. 336–39,
352–53, 370–71, 380 and 382–85; McKee, Uncommon Dominion, pp. 60, 72, 107–12 and 121;
Ranner, “Mendicant Orders in Achaia,” p. 158; Tsougarakis, Latin Religious Orders, pp. 113–
16, 119–20, 128–29, 180,184 and 244.