The Akashi Operations Ë 27
Fig. 2.10.Title page ofSakartvelo(Georgia), the rst Georgian periodical published in Europe
(1903).
ference of Georgian political groups in Europe had been convened in Geneva through
the initiative of Dzhordzhadze and Dekanozishvili. The Georgian Socialist Federalists,
anarchists, and Social Democrats sent their representatives to discuss a joint strug-
gle against Tsarism. Cherkezishvili, lled with patriotic feelings, declared that he had
come to the conference not so much as an anarchist as a Georgian.³⁴Noe Zhordania,
leader of the Social Democrats, however, refused to form a united front with the Social-
ist Federalists, who, he contended, ignored the class struggle of the Georgian people,
and so left the conference.³⁵(Ironically it was Zhordania who became the head of an
34 okmebi kartvel revolutsionerta p’irveli konperentsiisa[Minutes of the rst conference of the Geor-
gian revolutionaries] (Paris: “Sakartvelo,” 1904), 15. In March 1904 the Armenian Dashnaktsutiun
party resolved to work with the Russian Socialist Revolutionaries and the Georgian Sakartvelo group.
See [A. Jorjadze], “ra gadmogvtsa ts’arsulma tse’lma? [The heritage of the last year].”sakartvelo, kartvel
sotsialist’-pederalist’ta sarevolutsio partiis organo[Georgia, organ of the revolutionary party of Geor-
gian socialist-federalists] (Paris) no. 1(13), 2.
35 Georgian State Central Historical Archive (GSCHA), Tbilisi, Georgia, f. 94, op. 1, d. 70, l. 2, and
Shvelidze and Gaprindashvili, p. 70. See also Noe Zhordaniia,chemi ts’arsuli. mogonebani[My past.
Memoirs] (Tbilisi: Sarangi, 1990), 45. According to the French police, who secretly monitored this con-