Defining Neighbors. Religion, Race, and the Early Zionist-Arab Encounter - Jonathan Marc Gribetz

INDEx • 273

Cyrus, 217, 218–19
Czecho-Slovak state, 243

Damascus, 16n5, 26, 53
Damascus Affair, 201, 202
Darwin, Charles: The Descent of Man, 27;
On the Origin of Species, 27
Darwinism, 26–28, 139
David, 49, 168, 172
David ha-Nagid (David ben Abraham
Maimun), 200, 207, 208
de Boton, David, 100
Deganiah, 33
Derenbourg, Hartwig, 44
Dhu Nuwas, 144
Disraeli, Benjamin, 148
Dome of the Rock, 41, 52–53
Drews, Arthur, 115–16
Dreyfus Affair, 92, 147
Drumont, Edouard, La France Juive, 228
Druze, 21, 32, 176n141

East Africa, 90, 91
East Central Africa, 143
Eastern Orthodox church, 33
Efron, John, 31, 139n26
Egypt, 88; British conquest and occupa-
tion of, 28; Fatimid state in, 156; and
al-Ḥizb al-waṭanī (National Party),
220; and intellectual and cultural orbit
of, 26; Israelite emigration to from
Judea, 208–9; Jewish migration from
Palestine to, 131–32, 138, 179; Jews
in, 156, 177; and race, 28, 29; and
Sudan, 28
Egypt, ancient, 71, 82, 171
Egyptian press. See al-Hilāl (The Cres-
cent); al-Manār (The Beacon); al-
Muʾayyad; al-Muqaṭṭam; al-Muqtaṭaf
(The Digest)
Eisenmenger, Johann Andreas, Entdecktes
Judenthum, 228
Elijah, 216
Elmaleh, Avraham, 97, 192
Ereẓ Yisraʾel, as term, 18
Essenes, 149

Europe: as imagined Other, 150; immi-

gration of Spanish Jews to, 53; and

Jerusalem, 29–31; Jewish acculturation

in, 58; Jewish citizenship in, 31, 55–

56; Jews in, 125, 146–47, 179; oppres-

sion of Jews in, 150, 151, 153, 156–57,

158, 159; religious intolerance in, 120–

21; and representation of non-Muslims

in Ottoman lands, 21. See also Capitu-

lations

European Christian missionary activity, 18

European Christians: as residents of Pales-

tine, 99–100

European consuls, 29

Europeans: and antisemitism, 228; anti-

talmudic claims of, 11; biblical criti-

cism of, 164; and Capitulations, 22; and

claim of Eastern inferiority, 146, 147;

and context of Jerusalem, 7; and Jew-

ish ritual murder, 201; and Jews in

Holy Land, 24; and M. R. al-Khalidi, 8,

43; and Moyal, 207; and Nahḍa, 145–

46; protection of Christians by, 22; and

race, 30, 139, 140, 146; and research

on Bible, 172

Eusebius, 171

Exodus, biblical, 169–70

Ezra the Scribe, 78–80, 164, 217

Faisal Hussein, 240

Faris, Habib, Ṣurākh al-barīʾ fī būq al-

ḥuriyya, 202, 203, 208

Fatimid state, 156

Federation of American Zionists, 48

Feldman, Yehoshua, 191n28

fellahin, 123, 124–26

Filasṭīn (Palestine), as term, 50. See also

Palestine

finance, 82, 86, 87, 133, 146, 155, 157.

See also money

First Aliyah, 34, 76, 95, 96, 100

Fleisher, Rabbi, 118

Four Holy Cities, 33

France, 21, 29, 147, 158, 166, 173, 182

Frankfurter, Felix, 240