Wallenstein. The Enigma of the Thirty Years War

(Kiana) #1

190 Wallenstein


that an agreement was about to be made on those terms, but he added
that there were to be no negotiations with the Swedes, ‘as they will
not be persuaded amicably to give up their power, but no foreign
nation can be tolerated with an army in the Empire’. ‘We hope’, he
went on, ‘to strike at them before going into winter quarters, as both
His Excellency [Wallenstein] and Arnim intend.’ A similar view was
reported to the emperor from Saxony and Brandenburg by Duke Franz
Julius of Saxe-Lauenburg, brother to Franz Albrecht but a Catholic in
Imperial service, who was in Dresden during the truce and met not only
the electors but also Arnim and Franz Albrecht. The electors, he said,
were minded towards reconciliation with the emperor, and the gener-
als were only waiting for agreement on certain key points before they
would proceed with uniting the armies under Wallenstein’s command.
These included that ‘everything should be returned to its state before
the Bohemian unrest’, but also that thought should be given to ‘how
foreign troops may be removed from the Empire’, which might be
either by peaceful means with reasonable compensation, or failing
that by force of arms. All three reports are essentially the same. Peace
between the emperor and the Protestant electors was to be followed
by the ejection of the Swedes, by agreement if possible but by force
if not.^20
Not surprisingly, there was a different version for Swedish consump-
tion, and this involved a change of sides not by the Protestant electors
but by Wallenstein. This time there was no mention of the Bohemian
crown for him, as he was presumed to be willing to act solely out of
animosity towards the emperor. At the end of August Thurn gleefully
wrote to Oxenstierna that Wallenstein was proposing ‘the expulsion of
the Jesuits from the whole Roman Empire, which will vex the emperor
to death. He will have to go to Spain.’ A few days later he repeated that
‘your Excellency should not have the slightest doubt that it has been
decided to chase the emperor out to Spain’.^21 Arnim gave the Swedish
chancellor a fuller account in person on 12 September, which Oxensti-
erna relayed to Bernhard of Weimar. Arnim, he wrote, had discussed
Danish mediation and the proposed Breslau conference, observing
that the emperor was said to be inclined towards peace with Saxony,
Brandenburg and others in the Empire, but that he would not hear
of negotiations with Sweden and France. Wallenstein, however, still
nursed a grievance over his 1630 dismissal, was on bad terms with the
court, was further offended by Feria’s Spanish army being allowed into
the Empire but not under his own overall command, and would gladly
seek his revenge if assured of Swedish help. The generalissimo, so Arnim

Free download pdf