PREMIERFAIT, LAURENT DE; PRESLES, RAOUL DE; RENAUT DE LOUENS;
SAINT-GELAYS, OCTAVIEN DE; VIES DES ANCIENS PERES; VIGNAY, JEAN DE;
VIRGIL, INFLUENCE OF]
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de la littérature traduite en ancien et moyen français (842–1600). 2 vols. Geneva: Slatkine,
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Lucas, Robert H. “Mediaeval French Translations of the Latin Classics to 1500.” Speculum
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TRAVEL
. The Roman Empire required ease of communication for its governance. Travelers
benefited from an immense network of surfaced roads, a high level of security, and the
existence of a variety of vehicles developed especially for passengers and available for
hire in Rome. The medieval period, however, saw many changes in the conditions of
travel. Some of these began to become apparent in the 5th century, as the imperial
government lost control of Gaul. The roads became unsafe, and there was less trade.
Meanwhile, early-medieval government itself became itinerant because of the small
number of officials, the paucity of royal resources, and the personal nature of loyalty. The
period also had its own particular reasons for travel that were inherent in certain aspects
of medieval Christianity, such as the requirements of church administration and the
popularity of pilgrimage.
Where the Romans had been famous for their roads, people in medieval France
considered bridges of primary importance. Beginning in the 11th century, bridge building
Medieval france: an encyclopedia 1748