1671, an early 13th-century chevet, and a 14th-century façade. It was scrupulously
restored in the 19th century, while Saint-Alpin was nearly destroyed. The mid-12th-
century work here, however, was inspired by Notre-Dame. The main nave and façade
were built 1160–75, and vaults were added ca. 1230 to a scheme never planned for them.
The apse was replaced ca. 1500, and there was disfiguring work in the 18th and 19th
centuries.
William W.Clark
[See also: REIMS]
Prache, Anne. “L’église Notre-Dame-en-Vaux de Châlons.” Congrès archéologique (Champagne)
135 (1977):279–97.
——. “Notre-Dame-en-Vaux de Châlons-sur-Marne: campagnes de construction.” Mémoires de la
Société d’Agriculture, Commerce, Sciences et Arts du Département de la Marne 81 (1966):29–
92.
Pressouyre, Sylvia. Images d’un cloître disparu: Notre-Dameen-Vauxa Châlons-sur-Marne. Paris:
Cuenot, 1976.
Ravaux, Jean-Pierre. “La cathédrale de Châlons-sur-Marne.” Congrès archéologique (Champagne)
135 (1977):360–400.
——. “La cathédrale gothique de Châlons-sur-Marne.” Mémoires de la Société d’Agriculture,
Commerce, Sciences et Arts du Département de la Marne 91 (1976):171–227; 92 (1977):115–
55.
——. “Les cathédrales de Châlons-sur-Marne avant 1230.” Mémoiresde la Société d’Agriculture,
Commerce, Sciences et Arts du Département de la Marne 89 (1974):31–70.
CHAMBERLAIN
. Officer of the royal bedchamber. The 11th and 12th centuries distinguished the
bedchamber (cubiculum) from the chamber (camera, chambre). The chambrier
(camerarius), head of the chamber, seems to have supervised the furnishing and upkeep
of the palace and royal wardrobe, arranged the king’s gîtes (travel lodgings) and guarded
the treasury and archives, then housed in the camera.
When the institutions of the monarchy reorganized and developed, the chambrier lost
his guardianship of the treasury and archives. Displaced when the camera absorbed the
cubiculum, he also lost his domestic functions and became a bureaucrat, the chambrier de
France. Still a great officer of the crown, he had charge of selling licenses to those who
made or sold clothing in and around Paris. Such merchandise was inspected by his
agents, and his justice was rendered in the Grand Palais.
The chambellan de France (grand chambellan) was originally head of the
bedchamber. He enjoyed income from various métiers and after the 14th century
continued to perform certain domestic duties when the king was in Paris. The king also
had a chambellan de Normandie. The duke of Berry had a chambellan de Poitou and a
chambellan de Berry et Auvergne.
The Valois kings’ bedchamber (chambre) was supervised on a daily basis by a
premier chambellan and a rotating group of ordinary chamberlains. The premier
chambellan carried the royal privy seal and kept for himself some of the money charged
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