though it resulted in the temporary victory of the pro-English party there and the capture
of Bertrand du Guesclin, the constable of France, it also seems to have been in this
campaign that Edward contracted the disease that incapacitated him in the last years of
his life.
His rule in Aquitaine cannot be called successful; he was never able to discipline the
unruly Gascon nobility, and the taxation required for the campaign of Nájera sparked a
revolt in 1369 that Edward met with great cruelty, the most notable example of which
was the destruction of Limoges. In 1371, in bad health and unable to stem the
encroachment of the French into Aquitaine, he returned to England, where he became
involved in the domestic politics of the last years of his father’s reign until his premature
death in 1376.
Monte L.Bohna
[See also: CHANDOS HERALD; CRÉCY; EDWARD III; HUNDRED YEARS’
WAR; NÁJERA; POITIERS]
Chandos Herald. Life of the Black Prince by the Herald of Sir John Chandos, ed. and trans. Mildred
K.Pope and Eleanor C.Lodge. Oxford: Clarendon, 1910.
Barber, Richard. The Life and Campaigns of the Black Prince. Woodbridge: Boydell, 1986.
Hewitt, Herbert J. The Black Prince’s Expeditions of 1355–1357. Manchester: Manchester
University Press, 1958.
EGIDIUS DE MURINO
(fl. mid-14th c.). Music theorist named as the author of De motettis componendis, which
gives some simple precepts for the composition of isorhythmic motets. One source names
him as the author of the Tractatus de diversis figuris, elsewhere ascribed to Philippus de
Caserta. He is praised as a theorist along with Philippe de Vitry and Jehan des Murs in
two 14th-century motets that enumerate names of musicians in their texts, Musicalis
scientia/Scientie laudabili and Apollinis eclipsatur/Zodiacum signis. He may be
identifiable with the composer Egidius named in the Chantilly codex (ca. 1400) or with a
number of other musicians of the same name.
Benjamin Garber
[See also: COMPOSERS, MINOR (14th CENTURY); ISORHYTHMIC MOTET;
MUSIC THEORY; PHILIPPE DE VITRY; PHILIPPUS DE CASERTA]
Leech-Wilkinson, Daniel. Compositional Techniques in the Four-Part Isorhythmic Motets of
Philippe de Vitry and His Contemporaries. 2 vols. New York: Garland, 1989.
EINHARD
(ca. 770–840). Frankish scholar and biographer. The author of the 9th-century Vita
Caroli, the first known western biography of a secular leader since late antiquity, was
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