Schmitt, Jean-Claude. The Holy Greyhound: Guinefort, Healer of Children Since the Thirteenth
Century, trans. Martin Thom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.
Walter, Philippe. Mythologie chrétienne: rites et mythes du moyen âge. Paris: Entente, 1992.
FOLQUET DE MARSELHA
(fl. ca. 1178–95). Son of a rich Genoese merchant, the troubadour Folquet de Marselha
was himself a wealthy merchant in Marseille by ca. 1178. Around 1200, he, his wife, and
two sons entered the Cistercian abbey of Le Thoronet, of which he became abbot. As
bishop of Toulouse from 1205 until his death in 1231, he helped found the Order of
Preachers (Dominicans) and organize the Albigensian Crusade. According to the
Chanson de la croisade contre les Albigeois, Folquet was responsible for the deaths at the
stake of 10,000 Albigensians.
Of Folquet’s nineteen certain songs, fourteen are love songs (thirteen have music
preserved); the others are two crusade songs, two debate poems, and one planh. In song
as in deed, he praised courtly love before rejecting it, in a learned and literary style that
builds on his assimilation of Latin and Occitan sententiae. Yet his carefully refined and
subtle artistry remains original and abstract, preoccupied with aesthetic and moral issues.
His poetry and music were admired and imitated.
Roy S.Rosenstein
[See also: CROISADE CONTRE LES ALBIGEOIS, CHANSON DE LA;
TROUBADOUR POETRY]
Stronski, Stanislaw, ed. Le troubadour Folquet de Marseille. Kraków: Académie des Sciences,
1910.
Locher, Caroline. “Folquet de Marseille and the Structure of the Canso.” Neophilologus
64(1980):192–207.
FONTENAY
. Founded by St. Bernard himself in 1118, the abbey of Fontenay (Côte-d’Or) was one of
the most
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