Dieudonné, Adolphe E. Hildebert de Lavardin, évêque du Mans, archevêque de Tours (1056–
1133). Paris: Picard, 1898.
Scott, A.Brian. “The Poems of Hildebert of Le Mans.” Medieval and Renaissance Studies
6(1968):42–83.
HILDUIN OF SAINT-DENIS
(ca. 775-ca. 855/59). Born of noble parents (his aunt was mother of Louis the Pious),
Hilduin was abbot of Saint-Denis near Paris from 814 and then became archbishop of
Cologne (842–50) and chancellor of the German emperor Lothair I (843–55). Hilduin
studied with Alcuin and was among the scholars associated with the court school of
Charlemagne. Hilduin in turn was the teacher of Walafrid Strabo and Hincmar of Reims.
Hilduin wrote a vita of St. Denis, the patron saint of his monastery (Passio sanctissimi
Dionysii), in which he identified Denis the martyr with Dionysius the Areopagite, who
was converted by St. Paul in Athens; moreover, he identified that Dionysius with an
author now known as Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, the author of an important
corpus of mystical writings. During his abbacy at Saint-Denis, Hilduin translated from
Greek into Latin a manuscript of the works of Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite that had
been sent to Louis the Pious by the Byzantine emperor Michael the Stammerer in 827.
This rather rough translation was replaced by one made later in the century by Johannes
Scottus Eriugena.
Grover A.Zinn
[See also: ALCUIN; DENIS; ERIUGENA, JOHANNES SCOTTUS; HINCMAR OF
REIMS; PSEUDO-DIONYSIUS THE AREOPAGITE; SAINT-DENIS; WALAFRID
STRABO]
Hilduin. Opera omnia. PL 106.9–50.
HINCMAR OF REIMS
(ca. 806–882). Carolingian ecclesiastical leader, canonist, and theologian. Educated at
Saint-Denis under Abbot Hilduin, who introduced him to the court of Louis the Pious,
Hincmar served as archbishop of Reims from 845 to 882 and as political adviser to
Charles the Bald ca. 850–76. Hincmar’s consecration as archbishop was contested by his
predecessor, Ebbo of Reims, who had been deposed in 835. This controversy was typical
of Hincmar’s involvement in ecclesiastical politics, which included disputes involving
popes Leo VI, Nicholas I, Adrian II, and John VIII. Hincmar was a major presence at the
condemnation of Gottschalk at the Synod of Mainz in 848. One of Hincmar’s works, Ad
reclusos et simplices, is a refutation of Gottschalk’s views on predestination. His most
famous work, De divortio Lotharii, is a reprimand to Lothair II about his separation from
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