Key Figures in Medieval Europe. An Encyclopedia
German border, destroyed the bishoprics of Havelberg and Brandenburg, and burned Hamburg, reversing most of Otto I’s successes i ...
empire in the north. It is probable that political instabil- ity in Italy made Otto decide to stay closer, where he could interv ...
of his election was of great importance to Innocent, who would involve himself in the succession crisis because of the close tie ...
in 1133 and on his way home joined the Cistercian abbey at Morimond. He was later elected bishop of Freising, before the canonic ...
...
P PACHER, MICHAEL (ca. 1430/1435–1498) Born in the Puster valley in south Tyrol, the painter and wood carver Michael Pacher was ...
from the lives of Christ, the Virgin, and St. Wolfgang. Probably the largest of Pacher’s Virgin altars was that commissioned for ...
San Viti (Arezzo). He was a member of the fi nal genera- tion of Italian Trecento composers and is a connecting fi gure between ...
the state over the right of investiture for major church offi ces, but it also saw the initial signs of emancipation of the chur ...
and in prose on secular and religious subjects. While he was at Aachen, in addition to a number of literary efforts that were pr ...
Morison, John L., ed. The Book of Faith. Glasgow: Maclehose, 1909. Secondary Sources New CBEL 1:665–66, 805. Brockwell, Charles ...
important subjects, causing many to side with his chief rival, his half-brother Enrique de Trastámara, during the Castilian civi ...
In addition to his marriage to Blanche de Bourbon, Pedro is said to have married María de Padilla—at least he claimed this follo ...
Besides Sicily and much of the Italian mainland, Pedro also took Malta and Tunisian Djerba island. Meanwhile Pope Martin IV, feu ...
earliest known merchant manuals, but it is possible that Pegolotti borrowed some of his material from still earlier manuals, jus ...
confessor. Pope Gregory IX commissioned him there to construct the Decretals, promulgated in 1234; with Gratian’s Decretum, this ...
territories on the death in 741 of their father, Charles Martel, mayor in the united realm. The two brothers cooperated closely ...
of the Muslim world. By the end of his reign, the fi rst Carolingian king of the Franks had expanded the posi- tion of his peopl ...
ed. Jan LaRue. New York: Norton, 1966, pp. 803–17. Wright, Craig. Music and Ceremony at Notre Dame of Paris, 500 –1550. Cambridg ...
the semantic pitfalls that plagued contemporary theo- logians; his Trinitarian views were solemnly ratifi ed at the Fourth Later ...
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