556 notes to pp. 261–73
Chapter 11: Rabbis in the East
- b. Men. 29b. 2. On rabbinic texts in late antiquity, see F. Millar, E. Ben Eli-
yahu and Y. Cohn, Handbook of Jewish Literature from Late Antiquity, 135– 700
ce (Oxford, 2012); citation from Shiur Qomah from M. S. Cohen, The Shi’ur
Qomah: Texts and Recensions (Tübingen, 1985), 135 - 7. 3. On the responsa,
including the prayer book of Rav Amram, see R. Brody, The Geonim of Babylo‑
nia and the Shaping of Medieval Jewish Culture (New Haven, 1998), 185- 201; on
Sherira, see R. Brody, ‘The Epistle of Sherira Gaon’, in M. Goodman and P. Alex-
ander, eds., Rabbinic Texts and the History of Late‑ Roman Palestine (Oxford,
2010), 253 - 64. 4. D. Goodblatt, Rabbinic Instruction in Sasanian Babylonia
(Leiden, 1975), 161 (kallah ); on the title gaon, see Brody, The Geonim of Baby‑
lonia, 49. 5. On the final editing of the Babylonian Talmud, see L. Jacobs, The
Talmudic Argument (Cambridge, 1984); R. Kalmin, ‘The Formation and Charac-
ter of the Babylonian Talmud’, in S. T. Katz, ed., The Cambridge History of
Judaism, vol. 4: The Late Roman‑ Rabbinic Period (Cambridge, 2006), 840 - 76;
D. Weiss Halivni, The Formation of the Babylonian Talmud (Oxford, 2013). - On Babylonian local patriotism among rabbis, see I. M. Gafni, Land, Center and
Diaspora: Jewish Constructs in Late Antiquity (Sheffield, 1997), 96 - 117; on defi-
nitions of the land of Israel, see Sifre to Deuteronomy 51; P. S. Alexander,
‘Geography and the Bible’, Anchor Bible Dictionary (New York, 1992), 2: 986 - 7. - On Yohanan ben Zakkai: m. R.Sh. 4:1; J. Neusner, Development of a Legend:
Studies in the Traditions Concerning Yohanan ben Zakkai (Leiden, 1970);
C. Hezser, The Social Structures of the Rabbinic Movement in Roman Palestine
(Tübingen, 1997) (disciple circles); procedures: m. Sanh. 4: 3 - 4 (like Sanhedrin); t.
Sanh. 7:2 (voting). 8. A. Oppenheimer, ‘Jewish Lydda in the Roman Era’,
HUCA 59 (1988), 115 - 36; Ch. Raphael, A Feast of History (London, 1972), 28
[229]. 9. N. R. M. de Lange, Origen and the Jews (Cambridge, 1976). 10. On
the patriarchs, see M. Goodman, State and Society in Roman Galilee, 2nd edn
(London, 2000), 111 - 18; A. Applebaum, The Dynasty of the Jewish Patriarchs
(Tübingen, 2013). 11. b. Sanh. 14a (Judah b. Baba); b. Sanh. 5b (ordination); y.
Sanh. 1:3, 19a (appointment of judges); D. Goodblatt, Rabbinic Instruction in
Sasanian Babylonia (Leiden, 1975); b. Sanh. 5a (Rav). 12. On Kairouan, see
M. Ben- Sasson, ‘The Emergence of the Qayrawan Jewish Community and its
Importance as a Maghrebi Community’, JAS (1997), 1 - 13; on Moses ben
Hanokh, see G. D. Cohen, ‘The Story of the Four Captives’, Proceedings of the
American Academy for Jewish Research 29 (1960– 61), 55 - 75; G. D. Cohen, ed.,
A Critical Edition with a Translation and Notes of the Book of Tradition (Sefer
haQabbalah) (London, 1967), 63 - 5. 13. For the letter found in the Cairo Geni-
zah, see S. Schechter, ‘Geniza Specimens: A Letter of Chushiel’, JQR 11 (1899),
643 - 50. 14. On the Kalonymus family, see W. Transier, ‘Speyer: The Jewish
Community in the Middle Ages’, in Christoph Cluse, ed., The Jews of Europe in
the Middle Ages (Tenth to Fifteenth Centuries) (Speyer, 2002), 435 - 45; on rab-
binic Judaism in Italy in the early medieval period, see R. Bonfil, History and