580 index
Alexander Balas 97
Alexander the Great 20, 91, 92–3, 171
Alexander Jannaeus 98, 121–2
Alexander of Macedon 14, 24, 29
Alexander, Marcus Julius 171
Alexander, Tiberius Julius 171, 178,
242
Alexandra Salome 15, 98–9
Alexandria 14, 170–71
Alexandrian Jews 108, 177–8,
180, 232
synagogue 292–3
Alfasi, Yitzhak (‘the Rif’) 315, 317,
323, 326, 380
Alkalai, Yehudah 506
Alkebez, Shlomo 396
allegorization of Torah
extreme, ignoring literal meanings
159, 178
Philo’s readings 170, 172–81
popularity with Alexandrian Jews
177–8
by Yahad sectarians 147, 177
Alliance for Jewish Renewal (ALEPH)
516
Alliance Israélite Universelle 447, 527
Alma College, Tel Aviv 522
Almohad dynasty 236, 332, 334–5
Almoravid dynasty 332, 334
Alpert, Rebecca 520
Alphabet of Akiva 263
Alter, Yitzhak Meir Rothenburg 504
Altona academy 413
Amalekites 10
Amauri, Viscount 323
Americas see New World and the
Americas
Amidah 66–7, 247–8, 306
ammei ha’arets (people of the land)
284
Ammonites 22
amoraim 28, 262, 265, 268
Pesikta de‑Rab Kahana 276–7
Amos 26, 35, 42
Amram bar Sheshna 263, 288
Amsterdam 363, 371–3, 374, 406,
412, 413
Anan ben David 301–2, 303–4, 305,
307, 309
Sefer haMitzvot 303
Ananus ben Ananus 123–4, 127, 138,
142–3, 189
Ananus ben Sethi 104
angels 72–3, 175, 209–10
archangels 209, 213
Persian ideas of 29
Anilaeus 21
animal slaughtering 80
for sacrifice see worship: sacrificial
sharpening of knives for 421, 422
animal welfare 438
anthropomorphism 71, 307, 344
Antigonus (brother of Aristobulus I)
133
Antigonus II Mattathias 101
antinomianism 398, 407, 408, 410
Antioch, Syria 294
synagogue 69
Antiochus III the Great 14–15, 93
Antiochus IV Epiphanes 15, 24,
44–5, 93–4, 96, 202, 219
Antiochus VII Sidetes 97
Antipater the Idumaean 101
antisemitism 438, 440, 443, 444–5
see also persecution
Islamic 446
and the Protocols of the Elders of
Zion 446
racial antisemitism and eugenics
445
Antony, Mark 101, 102
Aod 207
Apamea synagogue 294
Aphrodisias 295
Apocrypha 36, 93 see also specific
books
Apollos 188
Aquila, apostle 188
Aquila the proselyte 34, 290–91
Aquinas, Thomas 333, 340, 367