Impact The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Founda-
tion created an enormously successful location for
the preservation, commemoration, and promotion
of rock and roll. It provides a place for the narrative
of rock and roll’s history.
Further Reading
Juchartz, Larry, and Christy Rishoi. “Rock Collec-
tion: History and Ideology at the Rock and Roll
Hall of Fame.”Review of Education, Pedagogy, and
Cultural Studies19, nos. 2/3 (May, 1997): 311-332.
Manzel, Kevin. “Cleveland’s New Museum Celebrates
Rock and Roll.”Historian58, no. 1 (Autumn,
1995): 29.
Amanda Bahr-Evola
See also Architecture; Lennon, John; Music; Pei,
I. M.; Pop music; Women in rock music.
Rose, Pete
Identification Major League Baseball player and
manager
Born April 14, 1941; Cincinnati, Ohio
In 1985, Pete Rose broke Major League Baseball’s career
record for hits, but four years later he was banned from base-
ball for life for gambling.
The 1980’s were a decade of tri-
umph and tragedy for baseball great
Pete Rose. As a member of the Phila-
delphia Phillies, he led the National
League in hits in 1981 and played in
the World Series in 1980 and 1983.
The Phillies won the series in 1980,
marking the third time in his career
that Rose had played on a world
championship team.
As the decade opened, Rose, at
the age of thirty-nine, began an as-
sault on one of baseball’s most im-
portant career records: the career
hit record held by National Baseball
Hall of Famer Ty Cobb. Rose broke
the National League career hit rec-
ord, held by Stan Musial, in 1981.
Playing for the Montreal Expos in
1984, Rose recorded his four thou-
sandth career hit. Later that season,
he returned to his beloved Cincinnati Reds, with
whom he had begun his Major League Baseball ca-
reer, as a player-manager. Rose topped Cobb’s mark
of 4,192 hits on September 11, 1985, in Cincinnati.
He retired after the 1986 season with a total of 4,256
hits and a .303 career batting average. He was a sure
bet for baseball’s hall of fame.
After his playing career ended, Rose encountered
problems as manager of the Reds. He did not bring a
pennant to Cincinnati; in his first three full seasons
as manager, the team finished in second place. Dur-
ing the 1988 season, Rose was suspended for thirty
days after an argument and shoving match with an
umpire. Even more serious problems surfaced dur-
ing the next season. Rumors circulated that Rose
had a significant gambling problem, that he had en-
cumbered substantial illegal gambling debts, and
that he had even bet on baseball. Since the great
World Series betting scandal of 1919, Major League
Baseball had implemented a zero-tolerance policy
for illegal gambling. Rose denied the allegations
and threatened to sue Major League Baseball for be-
smirching his character. In late August, 1989, base-
ball commissioner Bart Giamatti confronted Rose
about his gambling issues. Giamatti agreed not to
publicize the evidence that his office had gathered
about Rose’s gambling provided that Rose agreed to
drop his lawsuit and agreed to a lifetime ban fromThe Eighties in America Rose, Pete 837
Montreal Expo Pete Rose hits his four thousandth career hit, a double, while playing
against the Philadelphia Phillies on April 13, 1984.(AP/Wide World Photos)