ous waste dumps in the United States. However, the
government’s funding was inadequate, and the pri-
vate companies failed to contribute funds of their
own until they were forced to do so. As a result, much
litigation ensued and only a small percentage of the
sites were cleaned up.
Further Reading
Colten, Craig E., and Peter N. Skinner.The Road to
Love Canal: Managing Industrial Waste Before EPA.
Austin: University of Texas Press, 1996. Examines
how industrial waste was handled before 1970,
when the Environmental Protection Agency was
established.
Dixon, Lloyd S.The Financial Implications of Releasing
Small Firms and Small-Volume Contributors from
Superfund Liability. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND
Institute for Civil Justice, 2000. This short work
examines the implications of a proposal to ex-
empt small businesses from Superfund regula-
tions.
Mazur, Allan.A Hazardous Inquir y: The Rashomon
Effect at Love Canal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard
University Press, 1998. Studies the Love Canal en-
vironmental disaster from a wide variety of per-
spectives, including those of the school board,
the industry, and the public.
Stephenson, John B.Superfund Program: Updated Ap-
propriation and Expenditure Data. Washington, D.C.:
U.S. General Accounting Office, 2004. Updates
information about how much Superfund money
has been gathered and spent since passage of the
law creating the fund.
Scott A. MerrimanSee also Environmental movement;Ocean Ranger
oil rig disaster; Times Beach dioxin scare; Water
pollution.930 Superfund program The Eighties in America
Superfund workers conduct drilling operations for soil sampling at Bruin Lagoon in Bruin, Pennsylvania.(U.S. Army Corps of Engi-
neers)