magazine declared it best album of the year. In 1996,
Love starred in the filmThe People vs. Larr y Flynt,a
performance that earned her a Golden Globe nomi-
nation. Her career successes continued with the re-
lease of Hole’s third and final album,Celebrity Skin,
which was also released to wide critical acclaim in
1998.
Impact Despite Courtney Love’s many career mile-
stones following Kurt Cobain’s death, her public im-
age never recovered or improved following Cobain’s
death. In the latter part of the 1990’s, Love found
herself the subject of many tabloid photographs, ap-
pearing drunk or stoned onstage or passed out in
various venues. In addition, she had a reputation for
being sexually promiscuous and found herself ar-
rested several times for disorderly conduct and drug
use. At the end of the decade, however, Love’s career
continued to flourish despite her flawed public
image.
Further Reading
Brite, Poppy Z.Courtney Love: The Real Stor y. New
York: Simon & Schuster, 1997.
Coates, Norma. “Moms Don’t Rock: The Popular
Demonization of Courtney Love.” In “Bad”
Mothers: The Politics of Blame in Twentieth-Centur y
America, edited by Molly Ladd-Taylor and Lauri
Umansky. New York: New York University Press,
1998.
Lindsay Schmitz
See also Alternative rock; Drug use; Film in the
United States; Grunge music; Lollapalooza; Music;
Nirvana.
Lucid, Shannon
Identification American astronaut
Born January 14, 1943; Shanghai, China
Lucid served as a mission specialist on four space shuttle
flights before her most famous spaceflight in 1996 on the
Russian Mir space station. On that mission, she earned the
U.S. single-mission endurance record of 188 days in space
and the international endurance record for any female as-
tronaut at the time.
The National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion (NASA) selected Dr. Shannon Lucid in 1978 as
one of six women out of thirty-five in the first astro-
naut class to accept women. After two space shuttle
flights in 1985 and 1989, Lucid’s third spaceflight
was a nine-day mission from August 2-11, 1991, on
the space shuttleAtlantis. On this mission of 142 or-
bits, she and the crew conducted thirty-two experi-
ments related to extended spaceflights. Her fourth
spaceflight was a fourteen-day mission on the space
shuttleColumbiafrom October 18 to November 1,
1993, lasting a record 225 orbits. She and the crew
conducted sixteen engineering tests and twenty
extended-duration medical experiments on them-
selves and on forty-eight rats. With this flight, Dr.
Lucid had logged 838 hours and 54 minutes in
space to achieve the record for American women in
space.
After a year of training in Star City, Russia, Lucid
began her last and most famous spaceflight from
Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on March 22, 1996,
aboard the space shuttleAtlantis. She was trans-
ferred to the Mir space station, where she served as a
board engineer 2 with Russian cosmonauts Yuri
Onufrienko and Yuri Usachev. She conducted many
science experiments during her six months in spaceThe Nineties in America Lucid, Shannon 533
Shannon Lucid.(NASA)