Maps 15
Map 8
Fortresses, hillforts and towns in Middle Asia.
FerghanaIsmail SamaniPe
ak 74
95 m
(24,590 ft)Nowsha
k
74 85 m(24,55
7 ft)
Naga
Pa
rbat 8125 m(26,65
7 ft)
Otrar
Dzhety
asar
Iangik
ent
Ke
rder
Urgench
Sark
el Derbent
Itil
Kiat
Bukhar
a
Samarkand
Panjak
ent
Balkh
MountSikara
m
Mount Ararat 5137
m
(16,854 ft)
Dama
va d 567
0 m
(18,602 ft
)
El’brus5642 m(18,510 ft)Gora Shkhara5200 m(17,060 ft)
Merv Herat
Gorgan
Rey (T
ehran)
Baghdad
Mosul
Ural
KIR
GIZ
STEPPE
TURKIS
TA
N
JAMMU ANDKASHMĪR
TA
RIM
PENDI
3
2
1
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
11
13
14
15
16
17
19
20
18
Q YZYLQUM
G
ARA
GUM
DA
SHT
-E-KA
VĪR
CASPIAN
DEPRESSION
PLAT
O
USTYUR
T
Casp
ian^ Sea
Kābul
Indus
Jhelum
viRä
Chenäb
Harīrūd
Tigris
Sed-rud
Aras
Don Kura
Volg
a
Gar
agum Canal
Ar
alSea
Dary
a
Amu
Il