324 Index
Israel, bishop of Arran 44, 116
Al-Istakhri,Abu Ishaq al-Farisi 36, 51, 62,
66, 88 n. 324, 137 and n. 55, 139, 143, 158,
159 n. 44, 164 n. 65, 168, 174, 201, 206,
211 n. 182, 234
Italy 42, 165 n. 71, 265 n. 205
Itil 12, 14–16, 84, 132, 150–151, 156–157, 159
and n. 44, 160, 164 and n. 65, 168–169,
174, 193–194, 203, 205–206, 208, 211, 218,
240, 245, 255, 262–263, 265 n. 203, 267
Ivan Vladislav, Bulgarian Tsar 227
Ivan Shishman, Bulgarian Tsar 83
Ivanov, Sergei 113
Ivolga hillfort 246
Japan 50
Japheth, son of Noah 41, 43, 45–46, 100, 142
Jehuda Halevi 75
Jews/Judaism 18, 41–42, 87–89, 107,
162 n. 60, 164–166
Jewish king 88
Jidan Kingdom (Khaidak) 234 and n. 45
John, bishop of Nikiu 52
John Exarch 82, 125, 226
John Skylitzes 140 n. 70, 209 n. 167
Jones, Linda 89 n. 328
Joseph, Khazar ruler 1, 41, 43, 46–48, 57,
86 n. 311, 89–96, 136, 143 n. 85, 206, 209,
210 n. 171, 211, 221, 226–230 and n. 26,
231, 233–237, 261, 265, 273, 281
Joseph’s letter/ Joseph’s Reply 1, 41, 43, 47,
60, 89–94, 96, 155, 203, 208, 227–230,
232, 235–236, 261
Jurjan, Sea of (Caspian Sea) 142–143
Jutland Peninsula 148
Kabanovo (Kaganovo) hillfort 203
Kabardino-Balkaria 257
Kabars/kabar rebellion 55
Kadir Khazar, Oghuz hero 41
Kaitag Utsmiyat 250
Al-Kalbi, Abu al-Mundhir Hisham b.
Muhammed 39, 42, 45
Kalinina, Tatiana 38, 165, 166 n. 74, 262
Kalmykia 205 n. 149
Kal’onski, Aleksei 215 n. 199
Kaloianov, Ancho 68–69, 82–83, 108–109,
116 n. 461, 125
Kaltas, goose 121
Kama River 233 n. 36
Kamenka River 197
Kamyshin hillfort 202 n. 136, 247
kana boila kolobur, Bulgar title 82
Kanathos 104, 113
Kangar/Kangars 35, 40, 134 n. 34
Kangha (Kang) 33, 45
Kangju 30 and n. 52, 32–34, 36, 65, 78,
134 n. 34, 278–279
Kanha, Turanian sacred mountain 76, 101
Kantsirka 188
Karachays 118
Kara Khan, son of Afrasiab and father of
Oghuz Khagan 45–46
Kara-Khanid Khaganate 50
Karakhanids 46 n. 123, 278
Karatau Mountain 32
karchas, Magyar title 98
Kardusat, bishop of Arran 44
Karluks 46, 50, 53, 225
Karpov, Iurii 76–77, 117, 121
Kartlis Tskhovreba 233
Kasar, Uyghur tribe 40
Kasogs 16, 163, 173, 211, 222, 258, 262–263
and notes 194–195, 265–266
Kavi Usan (Kay Kavus), father of
Siyavush 74
kavkhan, Bulgar title 79–80, 82, 97
Kay Khosrow (Kavi Husravah), son of
Siyavush 74–75
Kazakhstan 29, 31, 34, 36 n. 73, 108, 132 n. 26,
241
Kazazovo necropolis 258
Kelegei 13, 190
kende, Magyar title 97–98
kender khagan, Khazar title 97–98 and
n. 365, 107
Kerch Peninsula 204, 256
Kerch, Strait of 236 n. 49
Kerder 15–16, 241
Kerder culture 35, 63 n. 201, 241 n. 75
Keturah, wife of Abraham 42, 100
khagan 23 and n. 25, 50, 52–54, 65, 70, 80,
93, 227, 275, see also Khazar khagan
äb khagan 51
khaganate, see steppe empire
Khakasian state, see Kyrgyz Khaganate