134 CHAPTER 2
Transylvania will be presented separately, because they belong to different
traditions.
Only one spearhead of the Transdanubian variant is known which is char-
acterised by a lenticular blade and semicircular ajoures on both sides of the
central rib. This single spearhead is dated to the Early phase, from grave No. 82
at the Kölked–Feketekapu B cemetery,218 the blade of which has semicircular
perforations situated next to the central rib (fig. 51/1). Similar spearheads are
only known from Italy and South Germany during the 6th-7th century.219 The
analogy cited by Szentpéteri from Albania (Kalaja Dalmaces, fig. 51/5) probably
belongs to the Italian group.220 These spearheads are dated as contemporary
with the Dorfmerking type (end of the 6th—first half of the 7th century).221
This dating is verified by the German chronology of the Merovingian period222
and the tripartite belt-set of grave No. 250 at Kölked–Feketekapu.223
The Transylvanian variant is characterised by a broad lenticular blade, the
greatest width of which is in its lower third, the blade has a central rib which is
an elongation of the socket, and is often closed by a looped ring pulled over it.
The blade is decorated by various arrangements of openwork triangles and cir-
cles. Spearheads belonging to this type were found in Transylvania (fig. 51/2–5):
grave No. IX at Gâmbaş224 and Teiuş.225 The example from Teiuş (fig. 51/4) has a
narrower blade, and it is longer than the spearheads from Gâmbaş (fig. 51/2–3).
This type is only known from Transylvania (map 20), specifically from the
valley of Maros (Mureş). Their chronology is a matter of some debate. József
Szentpéteri compared these spearheads with rectangular belt-mounts with
similar triangular openwork decoration which he regarded as a tamga (symbol
of the clan).226 This interpretation is problematic, since no such belt-mounts
are known from Transylvania, with the distribution area of the spearheads
and belt-mounts being quite different. The only datable find of this variant is
found in a burial from Teiuş together with belt-set cast of bronze, suggesting a
date in the Late phase (8th century).227 The chronology of this type is therefore
218 Kiss 2001, 28, II. 42. Taf. 28/9.
219 See: von Hessen 1971, Abb. 1/1–4; the type is known from the cemetery of Trezzo sull’Adda,
too: Roffia 1986, Taf. 6: 5. Their most recent study: Will 2007, 181–193.
220 Nopča 1912, Abb. 85. (after Szentpéteri 1984, 243).
221 Kiss 1996, 234.
222 The 7th phase (580–600) of Ursula Koch (2001, 63, 75).
223 Kiss 1996, Taf. 55. Similar belt-sets were dated to the 7th phase in Germany: Koch 2001, 87.
224 Horedt 1958, Abb. 2/5. and Abb. 14/13.
225 Horedt 1958, Abb. 17/13.
226 Szentpéteri 1984, 240–243. Taf. IV.
227 Horedt 1958, 104. fig. 17/13.