Avar-Age Polearms and Edged Weapons. Classification, Typology, Chronology and Technology

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276 CHAPTER 3


(fig. 100/12–15),487 glass inlay (fig. 100/16),488 and stamped foil,489 as well as on


plain, undecorated examples (fig. 100/1–11).490


Most of the examples of this type have been found evenly distributed across


the Great Hungarian Plain491 and Transdanubia (map 49).492 This type is dated


by a copy of a solidus of Maurice from the burial of Szegvár–Sápoldal to the


end of the 6th or beginning of the 7th century.493 The chronology of this type


is not limited to the first half of the Early phase494 and it remained in use in the


second third of the 7th century.495


P-shaped suspension loops with equal length of head and projection (S.4.b)


are usually plain and undecorated (fig. 101).496 The silver or copper alloy cover-


ing was usually fixed by means of three rivets to the loop497 which was already


487 Börcs–Nagydomb grave No. 10 (Tomka 2005, 155–160); Csengőd–Páhipuszta,
Kenyérvágóhalom (Bolevár-Páterhalom, Pivarcsi János földje) (Fettich 1926a, Taf. VI/8–
20; Fettich 1926b, 265, Taf. 25; Kalmár 1944–45, 288; Sós 1961, Abb. 21; Horváth 1990, 40);
Kölked–Feketekapu A grave No. 107 (Simon 1991, 295; Kiss 1996, 41, 232, Taf. 34/1).
488 Csepel–Kavicsbánya (Nagy 1998, I. 178–180).
489 grave No. 1 from Zsámbok (Garam 1983, 140, Abb. 1/1–2, Abb. 6/1–2, Abb. 7).
490 Csákberény–Orondpuszta grave No. 150 (Kiss 1962, 70; Simon 1991, 290); Paks–Gyapa
TO33. grave No. 12.
491 14 examples, 58.3%.
492 Ten examples, 41.6%.
493 István Bóna (1980, 36) dated this burial by a contemporaneous imitation of a solidus of
Maurice (582–602). See: Garam 1992, 139–140.
494 The burial from Csanytelek (Kürti 1990, 79–80, 1. kép; Simon 1991, 289) is dated by its
stamped belt-set decorated with fish-motives to the beginning of the 7th century (Garam
2001, 141). The example from Fajsz (Balogh – Kőhegyi 2001, 333–363) was dated by a light
grey wheel-turned pottery vessel of type ‘IB2/I1’ (Vida 1999a, 56–57. Abb. 7), Csilla Balogh
and Mihály Kőhegyi (2001, 345) dated the cemetery to the second third of the 7th century.
495 The swords from Csepel (Nagy 1998, I. 178–180) and Csákberény (Kiss 1962, 70; Simon 1991,
290) belong to the Bócsa – Kunbábony horizon by way of their hilt-coverings. The later
use of this type is verified by the loop of the second sword from Kunbábony (H. Tóth –
Horváth 1992, 59–60, Taf. XXXIII).
496 Kiskunfélegyháza–Pákapuszta (László 1955, 236, LXIX. t. 23; Simon 1991, 295; Garam 1991a,
143–144. 10. kép; Balogh 2002, 307); Szeged–Fehértó A grave No. 26 (Csallány 1939, 137;
Madaras 1981, 35. 3. t.; Simon 1991, 305; Madaras 1995b, 17, Pl. 4/14); Szeged–Fehértó A grave
No. 34 (Madaras 1995b, 18, Pl. 6/11); Zsámbok grave No. 2 (Garam 1983, 144. Abb. 5/7; 9. Abb.
6/3. Abb. 8; Simon 1991, 312. 16. kép 7).
497 Szeged–Fehértó A grave No. 34 (Madaras 1995b, 18, Pl. 6/11); Zsámbok grave No. 2 (Garam
1983, 144. Abb. 5/7; 9. Abb. 6/3. Abb. 8; Simon 1991, 312. 16. kép 7).

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