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Avar-Age Polearms and Edged Weapons. Classification, Typology, Chronology and Technology

(Nandana) #1

  • 1 Introduction Abbreviation of Museums xxxi

    • 1 Objectives

    • 2 History of Research

      • 2.1 Antiquarian Perspective and Cataloguing Artefacts

      • 2.2 Classification and Typology

      • 2.3 Ethnic Interpretations and Questions of Origin

      • 2.4 Social Reconstruction



    • 3 Methods Applied in this Study

      • 3.1 Terminology and the Methods of Classification

      • 3.2 Technology

      • 3.3 Chronology and Distribution

      • 3.4 Armament and Society

      • 3.5 Methods of Data Collection





  • 2 Polearms

    • 1 Classification of Polearms

      • 1.1 Reed-shaped Spearheads (P.I)

      • 1.2 Conical Spearheads (P.II)

      • 1.3 Lenticular (Leaf-shaped) Spearheads (P.III)

      • 1.4 Triangular Spearheads (P.IV)

      • 1.5 Javelins (P.V)



    • 2 Ferrules

    • 3 Shafts

    • 4 Representations of Polearms

    • 5 Conclusions



  • 3 Edged Weapons

    • 1 Classification of Edged Weapons

      • 1.1 Double-edged Swords (E.I)

      • 1.2 Single-edged Swords (E.II)

      • 1.3 Sabres (E.III)

      • 1.4 Seaxes (E.IV)



    • 2 The Fittings of Edged Weapons vi contents

      • 2.1 The Hilt

      • 2.2 The Crossguard

      • 2.3 Decoration of the Scabbard

      • 2.4 The Chape



    • 3 Suspension

      • 3.1 One-point Suspension

      • 3.2 Two-point Suspension



    • 4 Conclusions



  • 4 Technology—Manufacturing Techniques

  • 5 Chronology—Continuity and Discontinuity

    • 1 Early Avar I. (568–620s)

    • 2 The Turn of the 6th–7th Century

    • 3 Early Avar II. (610–650)

    • 4 Middle Phase (650–700)

    • 5 Late Avar I. (700–750)

    • 6 Late Avar II. (750–820?)

    • 7 General Types Characteristic of Longer Timespans



  • 6 Origins and Cultural Contacts

    • 1 The East and the Steppe Lands

      • 1.1 Polearms

      • 1.2 P-shaped Suspension Loops

      • 1.3 Ring-pommel Swords

      • 1.4 Sabres



    • 2 Southern Mediterranean Region

      • 2.1 Crossguards Cast of Copper Alloy

      • 2.2 P-shaped Suspension Loops



    • 3 Western Germanic Area

      • 3.1 Early Phase

      • 3.2 Middle and Late Phase

      • 3.3 Questions in the Research on Seaxes

        • Chronological Synchronisation 3.4 Chronological Problems of Seaxes and the Difficulties of







  • 7 Armament and Society Contents vii

    • Differences 1 Deposition of Weapons in Burials—Cemeteries and Regional

    • Chronology and Combinations 2 The Deposition of Polearms and Edged Weapons in Burials—

    • 3 The Position of Polearms and Edged Weapons in Burials

      • 3.1 Polearms

      • 3.2 Edged Weapons



    • 4 Weapons and Age Groups of the Deceased

    • 5 Conclusions



  • 8 Armament and Cavalry Warfare in the Aver-age Carpathian Basin

  • 9 General Conclusions

    • References

    • Maps

    • Index



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