Russia and Iran, 1780-1828 - Muriel Atkin

(Martin Jones) #1

  1. His main force was sent to oppose the Afghans in Khorasan.
    The smaller force sent to the Caucasus managed to besiege Khoi and
    Yerevan and to approach the borders of Georgia. However, the ex-
    pected support from Turcoman tribes along the Georgian border
    and dissident members of the Bagration family failed to materialize.
    Georgia itself was not attacked. The Iranian army had no victories
    before its recall at the end of August. In the remaining seven months
    of his reign, Paul was not faced with any further attempts to enforce
    the shah's claim to disputed provinces. The Iranian army did not re-
    sume operations in the northwest until the summer of 1802, more
    than a year after Paul's assassination.
    One aspect of Paul's attitude toward the disputed border territor-
    ies that seems out of keeping with his general restraint is his decision
    to make Georgia an integral part of his empire, thus ending rule by
    the ancient line of Bagration kings. Yet, even in this case, Paul acted
    much less aggressively than the simple fact of annexation would ap-
    pear to indicate. The most important factor in his decision lay out-
    side his control—the critical weakness of the Georgian kingdom. King
    Erekle died early in 1798. Without that once strong and respected
    ruler in command, the country seemed on the verge of anarchy and
    civil war. Giorgi, the new king, evinced a desire to remedy his coun-
    try's problems, but he was ineffectual and in failing health. His rela-
    tives prepared for the struggle for the throne that all expected to
    follow his impending death. There was a possibility that some of the
    pretenders to the throne might call upon Iran or the Ottoman Em-
    pire for support or that either state would on its own initiative move
    in to fill the vacuum resulting from Georgia's collapse.
    Giorgi sent representatives to ask Paul to make the kingdom a
    Russian province, with the Bagrations to serve as its governors. At
    the same time, these representatives and Paul's Russian advisers held
    forth the picture of the increase in trade with Asia to be derived
    from the annexation.
    24
    However, Paul had cause to wonder whether
    annexation would be enough. While a Bagration remained the chief
    official in Georgia, there was a possibility that he could be the spokes-
    man for fellow countrymen dissatisfied with Russian rule. Giorgi had
    tried to pressure Paul into establishing a large, permanent garrison in
    Tbilisi by threatening to submit to Iran unless Russia satisfied his de-
    fense needs. If a 1798 letter purportedly from Giorgi to Fath 'Ali is
    authentic, which a Georgian source seems to confirm, the king was
    quite serious about his threat. After lamenting the foolishness of
    Erekle's rebellion against Aqa Mohammad, Giorgi affirmed:


58 Russian Policy: Questions and Continuity

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