Theories of Personality 9th Edition

182 Part II Psychodynamic Theories

of superiority. Instead, they prefer that their hidden greatness be recognized with-

out any effort on their part (Horney, 1945).

In summary, each of the three neurotic trends has an analogous set of char-

acteristics that describe normal individuals. In addition, each of 10 neurotic needs

can be easily placed within the three neurotic trends. Table 6.1 summarizes the

three neurotic trends, the basic conflicts that give rise to them, the outstanding

characteristics of each, the 10 neurotic needs that compose them, and the three

analogous traits that characterize normal people.

Intrapsychic Conflicts

The neurotic trends flow from basic anxiety, which in turn, stems from a child’s

relationships with other people. To this point, our emphasis has been on culture and

interpersonal conflict. However, Horney did not neglect the impact of intrapsychic

factors in the development of personality. As her theory evolved, she began to place

TABLE 6.1

Summary of Horney’s Neurotic Trends

Basic conflict

or source of

neurotic trend

Neurotic needs

Normal analog

The Compliant

Personality

Feelings of

helplessness

1. Affection and
   approval


2. Powerful
   partner


3. Narrow limits
   to life

Friendly, loving

The Detached

Personality

Feelings of

isolation

9. Self-sufficiency
   and
   independence


10. Perfection and
    prestige

Autonomous and

serene

The Aggressive

Personality

Protection against

hostility of

others

4. Power


5. Exploitation


6. Recognition
   and
   unassailability


7. Personal
   admiration


8. Personal
   achievement
   Ability to survive
   in a
   competitive
   society

Neurotic Trends

Toward People Against People Away from People