- “An Open Letter to Mahatma Gandhi,” The Jewish Advocate (December 30,
1939): 3– 4.
- Shimoni, Gandhi, Satyagraha, and the Jews, 18– 19.
- Theologically, Judaism has more in common with Islam than Christianity.
Indeed, both the Judeo- Christian heritage and Judeo- Islamic animosity are
of recent origin.
- Michael Brecher, “Israel and China: A Historic ‘Missed Opportunity,’ ” 221.
3. The Congress Party and the Yishuv
The epigraph to this chapter is taken from a letter from Immanuel Olsvan-
ger to Selig Brodetsky (December 2, 1937), CZA, S25/3588.
- For the text of the resolution adopted at the Gaya Congress of 1922, see Zaidi
and Zaidi, eds., Encyclopedia INC, 8:542. According to the historian Mushirul
Hasan, Jazirat al- Arab included “Constantinople, Jerusalem, Medina and,
above all Mecca with its Baitullah, the focal point of daily prayers and the an-
nual Haj.” Hasan, Nationalism and Communal Politics in India, 112– 113.
- Quoted in Hasan, Nationalism and Communal Politics in India, 113.
- In December 1924, the All- India Congress Committee (AICC) adopted a
resolution on the “Egyptian crisis.” This was the fi rst non- Khilafat Congress
Party statement on the Middle East. For the text of the resolution adopted at
the Belgaum session, see Zaidi and Zaidi, eds., Encyclopedia INC, 8:681.
- Quoted in Dastur, “India and the West Asian Crisis,” 27.
- Zaidi and Zaidi, eds., Encyclopedia INC, 9:538.
- Ibid., 11:153.
- Ibid., 11:260.
- Ibid, 11:400.
- Ram Manohar Lohia to Immanuel Olsvanger (October 13, 1936), CZA,
S25/3583.
- Zaidi and Zaidi, eds., Encyclopedia INC, 11:427. It should be noted that while
the modus operandi of the Jews was questioned, the INC did not pronounce
its position on the central issue of the Jewish national home. A similar reso-
lution was adopted by the AICC during its Delhi meeting in September
1938. Ibid., 11:445– 446.
- CWC resolution adopted in Wardha in December 1938. Ibid., 11:497. It is in-
teresting to note that the proposition “in” was used instead of “of.”
- Ibid., 12:159– 160.
- The Congress motion moved by T. S. Avinashilingam Chettier was adopted
by fi fty- seven votes in favor and forty- three against. For the complete debate,
see India, Legislative Assembly Debates, Offi cial Report, Fifth Legislative As-
sembly (February 3, 1939), 1:170– 200.
- There was some ambiguity in the adoption of the resolution. The amend-
ment was not put to a vote separately. Even though it also demanded India’s
280 2. mahatma gandhi and the jewish national home
