India\'s Israel Policy - P. R. Kumaraswamy

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282 3. the congress party and the yishuv
As prime minister, Nehru was more than accommodative and repeatedly
extended their stay in India. It was in this context that Nehru permitted the
opening of a Jewish Agency immigration offi ce in Bombay shortly after
India recognized Israel in September 1950.


  1. Quoted in Jawaharlal Nehru’s letter to Subhas Chandra Bose (April 3, 1939),
    in Nehru, Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru, Series I, 9:537.

  2. Nehru, Discovery of India, 422. However, one cannot underestimate or ig-
    nore the po liti cal rivalry between the two and the challenge that Bose posed
    to Nehru’s po liti cal future. Quoting German sources, one Jewish periodical
    claimed that Bose had argued that “anti- Semitism must become a part of
    the Indian freedom movement since the Jews— he alleged— had helped the
    British to exploit and suppress the Indians.” Report in the Jewish Chronicle
    (London) reproduced in The Jewish Advocate (Bombay) 12, no. 3 (November
    1942): 22.

  3. Quoted in Jawaharlal Nehru’s letter to Subhas Chandra Bose (April 3, 1939),
    in Nehru, Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru, Series I, 9:537. Emphasis
    added.

  4. Indeed, during the war the United States closed its borders to Jewish refu-
    gees who were fl eeing Eu rope and on occasions contributed to their even-
    tual execution by Nazi Germany. For an opposing argument, however, see
    Desch, “The Myth of Abandonment: The Use and Abuse of the Holocaust
    Analogy.”
    4 4. United Nations Special Committee on Palestine, Report to the General Assembly,
    1:46. Only Guatemala and Uruguay refused to endorse this recommendation.

  5. Agwani, “The Palestine Confl ict in Asian Perspective,” 456. “Sympathy for
    the Jewish victims of Nazism was not lacking among the Asian nations. But
    the idea of visiting the sins of Nazi Germany upon the Palestinians did not
    appeal to them.” Ibid., 461. For similar arguments, see Hasan, “To Arafat, in
    Anguish.”

  6. Brecher, The New State of Asia, 126.

  7. Agwani, “The Palestine Confl ict in Asian Perspective,” 443.

  8. For an interesting study on this issue, see Rose, The Gentile Zionists.

  9. Lewis, The Jews of Islam, 4.

  10. India, Ministry of External Aff airs, India and Palestine, 6.

  11. Glucklich, “Brahmins and Pharisees,” 14.

  12. Quoted in Teslik, Congress, the Executive Branch, and the Special Interests, 36.

  13. Pirzada, ed., Foundations of Pakistan; Zaidi, Evolution of Muslim Po liti cal
    Thought in India, vol. 2: Sectarian Nationalism and Khilafat.

  14. A formal resolution to this eff ect was adopted at the twenty- third session of
    the Muslim League, held in Delhi in November 1933. For the text see Pirzada,
    ed., Foundations of Pakistan, 2:225– 226.

  15. A well- known poet during the nationalist struggle, Tagore was awarded the
    Nobel Prize for literature in 1913.

  16. Nehru, Glimpses of World History, 767.

  17. Zaidi and Zaidi, eds., Encyclopedia INC, 12:160.

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