India\'s Israel Policy - P. R. Kumaraswamy

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  1. recognition without relations 299

  2. A copy of the Indian notifi cation can be found in ISA, 2554/12.

  3. Note from the Ministry of External Aff airs to Pollack (August 31, 1951), ISA,
    2554/12.

  4. Bhansali to Pollack (January 30, 1953), ISA, 2554/12.

  5. M. Michael (Bombay) to Asia and Africa Division, Jerusalem (February 19,
    1960), summary, Israel Documents, Companion, 14:356. Emphasis added.

  6. M. Michael to Minister of Foreign Aff airs (October 25, 1960), summary,
    Israel Documents, Companion, 14:386.

  7. Debates RS, vol. 47 (May 5, 1964), col. 1777.

  8. Debates LS, series 3, vol. 31 (May 4, 1964), 14014.
    1 43. Personal inter views with Reuven Dafni, who ser ved in Bombay from 1965 to
    1969, and the wife of Avshalom Caspi, who served from 1956 to 1959.

  9. Brecher, The Foreign Policy Systems of Israel, 386– 387; Medzini, “Refl ections
    on Israel’s Asian Policy,” 203.

  10. Gopal, Jawaharlal Nehru, 2:170.

  11. Shimoni to Pollack (December 16, 1951), ISA, 2554/12.

  12. Ibid.

  13. Cited in Shimoni to Pollack (December 23, 1951), ISA, 2554/12.

  14. Unless otherwise stated, the entire account of the activities of Eytan is based
    on his “New Delhi Diary,” ISA, 2383/21.

  15. Accordingly, Eytan sent a detailed reply indicating that it would be advisable
    to buy rather than rent a house in Israel. Eytan to Avtar Singh (March 20,
    1952), ISA, 2554/12.

  16. M. Pragai to Walter Eytan (March 10, 1953), Israel Documents, Companion
    (1953), 8:116. The meeting took place between Pragai and Avtar Singh, with
    whom Eytan met in New Delhi. Singh had then moved to New York as the
    fi rst secretary in the Indian mission.

  17. Panikkar’s relations with the Zionists could be traced as far back as 1937. Pan-
    ikkar to Elath (July 1937), CZA, S25/10228. Similarly, C. S. Jha had met with
    Abba Eban and others during the Lake Success Conference in December

  18. Sasson to Divon (November 14, 1950), ISA, 2413/28. Rao was one of the
    organizers of the Asian Relations Conference in New Delhi in March– April
    1947, which was attended by a ten- member Jewish delegation from Palestine.

  19. For example, the Indian High Commission in London was used as a conduit
    for its proposal to appoint a Trade Commission to India.

  20. Alluding to past meetings in Ankara, a se nior Israeli diplomat observed in
    April 1954: “To the extent that politics depend on personnel connections,
    Mr. Jha’s occupation of a responsible post in New Delhi is bound to have a
    benefi cent infl uence on Indo- Israeli relations.” Meroz to MAAR (April 20,
    1954), ISA, 2413/29.

  21. For a fi rst- person account of this meeting, see E. Sasson to S. Divon (July 1,
    1951), ISA, 2413/29.

  22. Menon to Eytan (October 23, 1952), ISA, 2554/12.

  23. Elath wrote a twelve- page report on this day- long meeting. On the nature of
    the meeting, Elath remarked: “I had heard from several mutual friends that

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