index 353
Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhailovich, 151
Morocco, 211
Morris, Ya’acov, 130
Mubarak, Hosni, 220, 232, 250, 258,
261, 322n65
Mukherjee, Pranab, 283n72
Munich massacre of 1972, 180
Muslim League: and anti- Semitism,
76– 77; and Arab absence from
Asian Relations Conference of
1947, 184; and the British, 70; and
competition with Congress Party for
Muslim population of India, 13, 22,
55, 74– 81, 266; declaration of fi rst
Palestine Day, 61; early attention to
Palestine issue, 45, 55, 74; formation
of (1906), 74; India’s rivalry with
Muslim League transformed into
India– Pakistan rivalry, 163– 64, 266;
and Khilafat movement, 74– 75;
objections to Balfour Declaration, 55,
291n65; and partition of the
subcontinent, 13, 78, 104; and
postwar objections to Jewish state,
77– 78, 80; rejection of partition for
Palestine but justifi ed for Indian
subcontinent, 104; self- identifi cation
as sole representative of Indian
Muslims, 79, 89; and UN
negotiations on the creation of
Israel, 89; and World War II, 77
Muslim population of India, 11– 18, 55,
102, 264– 65, 268; anti- Muslim
sentiments of Hindu population,
158– 62; and al- Aqsa mosque attack
of 1969, 210; and Azad, 146; and
British rule in India, 69– 70; and
choice of Abdur Rahman as
UNSCOP representative, 93; and
compulsions during Nehru era, 19,
116– 17, 142– 52; demographics, 11, 142;
denial of pro- Muslim po liti cal
calculations as factor in policies,
14– 16, 140, 266; Hindu- Muslim
confl ict, 269; and al- HusseiniPakistan, 170, 267; India’s pro- Arab
stance not reciprocated by Arab
countries, 6, 120, 199, 202, 215– 17,
242, 267; and Indo- Pakistani war of
1965, 202; Israel’s adversaries not
armed by India, 249; marginalization
of Nasser’s secular nationalism
following June war of 1967, 211;
nonsecular character of Middle
Eastern countries ignored by India,
300n2; and nuclear program, 230; oil
supplies, 22; Pakistan decoupled
from Middle East policy, 261, 268;
Pakistan’s objections to secular Arab
nationalism and subsequent ties with
conservative regimes, 169; Palestine
issue as principal foreign policy
instrument, 22; peace pro cess and
PLO, 178; reaction to India’s
normalization of relations with
Israel, 260– 61, 272; and reasons for
delayed recognition of Israel, 116– 17.
See also All- Palestine Government;
Arab League; Muslim population of
India; Or ga ni za tion of the Islamic
Conference; Rabat Islamic summit
Middle East Peace Conference (Madrid,
1991), 236, 240, 241, 260
Middle East peace pro cess:
diff erentiation of bilateral interests
from peace pro cess, 248– 49, 272;
and Middle Eastern reactions to
India’s normalization of relations
with Israel, 260; shift in India’s
stance in the late 1990s, 251
military cooperation with Israel, 4, 21,
156, 199, 215; intelligence
cooperation with Israel, 241– 42;
post- 1992 defense ties, 256– 58
Mishra, Brajesh, 259– 60
Misra, K. P., 115
Mitter, Brejendra, 64
Mohammed, the Prophet, 12
Mohan, C. Raja, 236
Mohani, Maulana Hasrat, 75