similarities, means that the production of grey wares also needs to be
viewed in connection with other types of ceramic outputs. Kilns at a
number of coastal sites (including Istros) are comparatively well known
but key-hole shaped or rectangularfiring chambers of Aegean type have
also been found at a number of inland locations, unrelated to Greek sites.
A set of kilns has recently been investigated by M. Tonkova at Halka
Bunar, near Chirpan, both for grey, reducing fabrics, as well as orange
wares, produced in oxidizing conditions.^60 The products date to the
second half of thefifth centurybc. There is also a series of kilns at
Adjiyska Vodenitsa, Vetren, dating to the second half of the fourth
centurybc.^61
Study of these various fabric types has focused mainly on the classifi-
cation of local products. Thefirst monograph that attempted to put the
various classifications into a more specific chronological framework was
by Emil Moscalu (1983). Petre Alexandrescu produced a pioneering
study of the regional distribution of forms originating from Asia
Minor.^62 To these can now be added more specialized analyses of clays
and production techniques, which have allowed a more nuanced and
scientifically-based identification of imported and indigenous Balkan
products.^63 Analyses of Histrian fabric types at the Lyon Laboratoire
de Céramologie have allowed Pierre Dupont to isolate a specific profile
for local products. This production appears to have got under way in the
second quarter of the sixth centurybc.^64 Closer collaboration between
researchers from the east Balkans, south Russia, Ukraine, and Moldova is
beginning to reveal relationships between these various production
centres. In some cases local production merely reproduced, it seems,
forms familiar from Anatolian metropolitan kiln works. The inter-
marketing of fabrics between these zones has yet to be fully elucidated.
The geological homogeneity of the western Pontic coast as far as Du-
brudja, and the northern coast as far as the Crimean peninsula, means
that it is hard for ceramic specialists to differentiate between products
(^60) Herries and Kovacheva 2007; Tonkova 2000; 2008; 2011.
(^61) V. Taneva,AOR2008 [2009] 252–4 (almost square chamber with clay walls, collapsed
brick and tile from superstructure, and a brick-built bench-like supporting pillar opposite
thefiring chamber at the north end; clay kiln furniture and misshapen pots confirm the
types of pottery made here, which included orange storage and tableware, tiles, and
terracottas; dating is provided by a coin of Maroneia (second half of the fourth century
bc) and by ceramic forms);AOR2009 [2010] 205–7 (traces of an earlier kiln, with 17 pieces
of kiln furniture and associated discarded pots, as well as bricks from the superstructure);
Taneva 2011.
(^62) Alexandrescu 1977; Alexandrescu 1999; cf. also Bouzek 1990.
(^63) Dupont and Lungu 2008; Chichikova 2004; Božkova and Nikov 2009.
(^64) Lungu 2009, 17.
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