128 korea
her, conferred on her the posthumous title of Commander Unequalled
in Honour, and presented 200 pieces of silken fabrics [toward the
funeral expenses]. He sent envoys to condole and sacrifice, appoint
Ch’un-ch’iu as Commander Unequalled in Honour, entitle him king
of Lo-lang commandery, and recognize him as king of Silla (Chiu
T’ang shu 199A:11b; T’ang hui-yao 95:15a;Tzu-chih t’ung-chien p.6285;
Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 326:55b).
In the 1st month (Feb./Mar.) of 655, Koguryo, Paekche and the
Mo-ho joined forces and attacked Silla. Chin Ch’un-ch’iu sent envoys
to the T’ang court and requested support (Chiu T’ang shu 199A:8b;
Tzu-chih t’ung-chien pp.6287; Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 326:54b).
In the 3rd month (April) of 656, Silla envoys announced a victory
over the troops of Paekche. In the10th month (Oct./Nov.) of the same
year, Chin Ch’un-ch’iu’s son, the General of the Martial Guards of
the Right,^21 Wen-wang, arrived as his envoy at the T’ang court (T’ang
hui-yao 95:15a; Ts’e-fu yüan-kuei p.5025).
In September, 660, Paekche was destroyed in a joint operation by
T’ang and Silla (Chiu T’ang shu 199A:8b, 11b; T’ang hui-yao 95:14a-14b;
Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 325:54b). 199SA:11b).
On Sep.29, 661, it became known at the T’ang court that the
king of Silla, Chin Ch’un-ch’iu, had died and had been succeeded by
his son, the Grand Treasurer,^22 Fa-min (Munmu Wang). Kao-tsung
appointed him Commander Unequalled in Honour, and Supreme Pillar
of State, entitled him king of Lo-lang commandery, and recognized
him as king of Silla (Chiu T’ang shu 4:9b; 199A:11a; Tzu-chih t’ung-chien
p.6325;Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 326:55b).
In 663, Kao-tsung attempted to incorporate Silla into the Chinese
imaginary world empire. He created out of Silla the non-existant Chi-
lin Area Command and appointed Fa-min its Military Governor. (Chiu
T’ang shu 199A:11b; Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 326:55b). This looked fine on
paper but from a practical point of view meant nothing.
On Nov.17, 665, a peace conference was held in Paekche by
representatives of T’ang, Silla, Paekche, and Japan.^23 Thereafter, all
(^21) During his visit to the T’ang court in 649, Chin Wen-wang had been given
the nominal Chinese title of General of the Martial Guards of the Left. “Right” is
therefore probably an error for “Left”. 22
Fa-min had been given this nominal Chinese title during his visit to Ch’ang-
an in 650.
(^23) T’ang hui-yao 95:15b dates the conference in the 8th month (Sep./Oct.) and
adds that the text of the covenant was stored in the Ancestral Temple of Silla.