162 korea
other envoys from Koryo congratulated on the ascension of T’ien-tso
(Liao shih 27:1b, 2a; 115:4b).
In 1103, Sung sent a Gentleman-in-Attendance of the Ministry of
Households and a Serving within the Palace as envoys to the Koryo
court (Sung shih 487:14b; Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 325:52b).
On Dec.30, 1105, envoys from Wang Yu (Yejong) to the Liao court
announced the death of his father Yung (Liao shih 27:4b; 115:4b).
Soon thereafter, he sent five men to attend the Sung Academy. The
Sung court appointed Erudites as teachers for them. Yu also requested
physicians from Sung. Two were sent to Koryo and stayed there for
two years. The protocol for Koryo was raised by Sung above that of
the Hsia State, meaning that Koryo had precedence (Sung shih 487:
14b, 15a; Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 325:52b).
On May 28, 1108, T’ien-tso recognized Wang Yu as duke of San-
han and his father Yung posthumously as king of the Koryo State.^75
On Jan.6, 1109,^76 envoys from Wang Yu conveyed his thanks the
Liao court. On Jan.6, 1110, Koryo envoys offered gifts (Liao shih 27:
5a, 5b; 70:26a, 26b; 115:4b).
In 1112, Koryo offered presents to the Sung court (Sung shih 21:
2a).
On Nov.18, 1112, Koryo envoys announced at the Liao court that
the mother of the duke of San-han, Wang Yu, had died. T’ien-tso
immediately sent envoys to sacrifice. On Jan.11, 1113, Koryo envoys
thanked for the sacrifice. On Jan.24, 1114, envoys from Wang Yu
thanked T’ien-tso that, after the mourning period for his mother, he
had been recognized at his previous rank (Liao shih 27:7a, 7b; 70:26b-
27a; 115:4b). This was the last recorded routine exchange of missions
between Koryo and Liao. The war between Liao and the Jurchen
had begun, which led to the foundation of the Jurchen Chin empire
in 1115 and the collapse of the Liao empire in 1124.
In the intercalary month (Feb./Mar.) of 1116, Koryo envoys to the
Chin court congratulated on its victory over Liao. During the same
year, Koryo also offered gifts to the Sung court (Chin shih 2:11a; 135:
4a;Sung shih 21:7b).
On Sep.5, 1117, Koryo requested a territorial adjustment from
Chin (Chin shih 2:11b).
(^75) 115:4b dates this 1105, 8th month. For 8th month, read 8th year = 1108.
(^76) 70:26a says 11th month, but the 11th did not have the cyclical characters
chi-mou.