68 continental south asia and the islands
they were sent on to the Sung capital. This may have been a private
venture, rather than an official mission.
Ko-lo-she
Between 650 and 656, Ko-lo-she offered a five-coloured parrot to the
T’ang court (Hsin T’ang shu 222C:2b).
In the 5th month (May/June) of 660, envoys from Ko-lo-she were
received at the T’ang court and offered regional objects (T’ung-tien
188:72b;T’ang hui-yao 100:15a; Ts’e-fu yüan-kuei p.5025;Wen-hsien
t’ung-k’ao 332:16b).
Kan-t’ang
In 635, envoys from Kan-t’ang were received at the T’ang court (Hsin
T’ang shu 222C:2a; Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 331:12b).
The second and last recorded mission from Kan-t’ang arrived in
the 12th month (January, 637) of the Chinese year 636 (Ts’e-fu yüan-
kueip.5024).
Chu-na or Shu-na
A single mission is recorded for 628, when envoys presented regional
objects to the T’ang court (Hsin T’ang shu 222C:2a; Wen-hsien t’ung-
k’ao 331:12b).
To-mo-ch’ang
In the 2nd month (Feb./Mar.) of 659, envoys from To-mo-ch’ang
offered gifts to the T’ang court (Hsin T’ang shu 222C:5a; T’ang hui-yao
100:14b;Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 332:16b). No other mission is recorded.
P’an-p’an.
Twelve missions from P’an-p’an to Liu Sung, Liang, and Ch’en of
the Six Dynasties are recorded for 424-584.^148
(^148) See my Six Dynasties, vol.II, p.89.