continental south asia and the islands 69In 616, envoys from P’an-p’an to the Sui court offered regional
objects and congratulated (Sui shu 82:8a; T’ung-tien 188:70b). It is not
clear what the congratulations were for.
Between 627 and 649, two missions from P’an-p’an arrived at the
T’ang court (Hsin T’ang shu 222C:2b). Four further missions were
received in the 9th month (Oct./Nov.) of 633, the 9th month (Oct./
Nov.) of 635, the 2nd month (Mar./Apr.) of 641, and the 6th month
(June/July) of 648 (Chiu T’ang shu 197:2a; Ts’e-fu yüan-kuei p.5024).
Tan-tan
Seven missions from Tan-tan to Liang and Ch’en of the Six Dynasties
are recorded for 530-585.^149
In the 7th month (Aug./Sep.) of 616, Tan-tan offered regional
objects to the Sui court (Sui shu 82:8a; Ts’e-fu yüan-kuei p.5026).
A single mission is recorded for T’ang. In 669, envoys to the court
offered regional objects (Hsin T’ang shu 222C:5b; Ts’e-fu yüan-kuei p.502;
Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 332:15b).
P’iao
P’iao in eastern Burma had relations with China only at the end of
T’ang. On Feb.13, 802, a younger brother of the king presented 12
songs^150 of their national music and 35 musicians (Chiu T’ang shu 13:
19b;T’ang hui-yao 100:18b-19a; Ts’e-fu yüan-kuei p.5032).
In the 12th month (Jan./Feb., 807) of the Chinese year 806, and
in the 2nd month (Mar./Apr.) of 862, P’iao offered regional objects
(T’ang hui-yao 100:19a; Ts’e-fu yüan-kuei p.5032).
P’U-TUAN or P’U-KAN
The kingdom of Pagan was a great Buddhist centre in central Burma
which flourished in the 11th and 12th centuries. It was destroyed by
the Mongols.
(^149) See my Six Dynasties, vol.II, pp.89-90.
(^150) Chiu T’ang shu says 12 songs, T’ang hui-yao 22 songs, and Ts’e-fu yüan-kuei
10 songs.