A History of Ancient Near Eastern Law

(Romina) #1

8.5 Perjury


To judge from the Deir el-Medina material, the standard penalty
for false litigation was one hundred blows.^522 In the Legal Text of
Mes, male witnesses invoke as the penalty for perjury the cutting off
of the nose and ears and being sent to Kush; a woman agrees that
perjury will be punished by being sent to “the rear of the house,”
possibly a term for domestic slavery.^523 Perjury in the Tomb Robbery
cases was also punished by mutilation and expulsion to Kush.^524
Swearing falsely in the name of a god could result in divine
punishment.^525

8.6 Slander and Blasphemy


During the reign of Seti II, several villagers accused their foreman
of uttering blasphemies against the pharaoh. The case was heard
but, not surprisingly, the accusers recanted.^526

8.7 Bribery


P. Turin 1887 includes a charge of bribery of a priest.^527



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9.1 Curses


Curses often strengthen the provisions of both royal and private
texts.^528 Pharaohs may even employ curses to ensure the proper con-
duct of future rulers. King Neb-kheperu-Re Antef (Seventeenth
Dynasty), for example, concludes a decree concerning a crime com-
mitted by an official in the temple of Min at Koptos with the dec-

(^522) Ibid., 41. On perjury, see also Lurje, Studien.. ., 161–64.
(^523) Lorton, “Treatment.. .,” 37–38. See also Seidl, Einführung.. ., 54.
(^524) Lorton, “Treatment.. .,” 32–34.
(^525) See Lichtheim, AEL2, 110.
(^526) Bierbrier, Tomb-builders.. ., 107 (O. Cairo 25556); Allam, Hieratische Ostraka......,
61–63. See Toivari, “Man versus Woman.. .,” 167; Lorton, “Treatment.. .,” 42;
McDowell, “Schijnproces.. .,” and Jurisdiction.. ., 251–53; See also Janssen, “Rules.. .,”
292; Théodoridès, “Dénonciation.. .,” 11–12, and “Ouvriers.. .,” 123–28.
(^527) Vittmann, Elephantine.. ., 48.
(^528) See Assmann, “When Justice Fails.. .”; Morschauser, Threat-formulae.. .; Nordkh,
Curses...
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