in many respects a typical pioneer woman of
the generation that built Canada, fearless and
inured to hardship.
Bibliography
Boyko-Head, Christine Ann. “The Myth of Laura Secord
in Nineteenth Century Artistic Representations to
Twentieth Century Popular Culture.” Unpublished
Ph.D. dissertation, McMaster University, 1996;
Dewar, Donald K. The Battle of Beaver Dams: The
Story of Thorold’s Battle in the War of 1812.St.
Catharines, Ontario: Slabtown Press, 1996; Ingham,
George. “The Story of Laura Secord Revisited.” On-
tario History57 (1965): 85–97; McKenzie, Ruth.
Laura Secord: The Legend and the Lady.Toronto:
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of 1812 in Upper Canada.” Social History28 (1995):
159–179; Wallace, William S. The Story of Laura Se-
cord: A Study in Historical Evidence.Toronto:
Macmillan Company of Canada, 1932.SENGERUNDETTERLIN, FRIDOLINVON
Senger und Etterlin, Fridolin von
(September 4, 1891–January 4, 1963)
German General
R
hodes scholar, cul-
tured aristocrat,
and thoroughly hu-
mane, Senger felt deeply
offended by Nazism. He
was nonetheless a com-
petent, professional sol-
dier whose conduct at
Monte Cassino completely
stymied the Fifth U.S.
Army for five months. Ca-
sualties were so heavy on
either side that this ac-
tion became known as
the Verdun of Italy.
Fridolin Rudolph von
Senger und Etterlin was
born on September 4,
1891, in Waldshut near
the Swiss border, a mem-
ber of the petty aristoc-
racy. Intensely Roman
Catholic, he inherited
from his mother deep reli-
gious and moral convic-
tions that unswervingly
guided him through life.
Senger was also pro-
foundly intellectual. In
1912, he became a
Rhodes scholar at Oxford
and acquired fluency in
French and English.
World War I interrupted
his education in August
1914, and he was commis-
sioned a lieutenant in the
reserves. After four years
of dedicated service, Sen-
ger remained in the post-
war Reichswehr as a cav-
alry officer. He thus
became one of few re-
serve officers selected to
serve with the regulars. A
professional soldier, Sen-
ger remained aloof from
politics and studiously
avoided the rising tide of
Nazism. Tall, droopy-Fridolin von Senger und Etterlin
U.S. Army Military History Institute