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(1975): 10–59.BROKE, PHILIPBOWESVERE
Broke, Philip Bowes Vere
(September 9, 1776–January 2, 1841)
English Naval Officer
B
roke was one of
the Royal Navy’s
finest officers dur-
ing the War of 1812, an
enlightened disciplinarian
who stressed accurate
gunnery above everything
else. His unexpected vic-
tory over the USS Chesa-
peakeended an unbroken
string of American victo-
ries at sea and provided a
great boost to British
morale.
Philip Bowes Vere
Broke was born in Ips-
wich, Suffolk, on Septem-
ber 9, 1776, and enrolled
at the Royal Navy Acad-
emy, Portsmouth Dock-
yard, at the age of 11. In
1792, he was posted with
the sloop HMS Bull Dog
as a midshipman and
completed several Medi-
terranean cruises. Broke
was present at the siege
of Toulon in 1794 before
rising to third lieutenant
on board the HMS
Southampton.In that ca-
pacity he fought under
Adm. Samuel Hood dur-
ing the Battle of Cape St.
Vincent on February 14,
1797, and also partici-
pated in the destruction
of a French squadron off
the Irish coast in 1798
under Adm. John Borlase
Warren. An excellent offi-
cer, Broke rose to com-
mander the following
year and finally made
captain on February 14,
1801, but nearly five years
lapsed before his next
command arrived. InPhilip Bowes Vere Broke
National Maritime Museum