98 • CLARKE, DUDLEY
CLARKE, DUDLEY.The head of Britishdeceptionin the Middle
East responsible for running‘‘A’’ Force, a fictitious military unit that
provided cover for Allied operations, Dudley Clarke was commis-
sioned into the Royal Artillery in 1916 at the age of 17. Born in Jo-
hannesburg and educated at Charterhouse and Woolwich, he served
during World War I as a pilot in Egypt and afterward fought in the
Iraq revolt, in Palestine, and in 1940 in Norway. Having participated
in the first commando raid on the French coast, at Le Touquet, which
was ineffectual as he described in his memoirsSeven Assignments,
Clarke was posted toCairoin December 1940. While on General
Wavell’s staff, he supervised thecamillaandabeamdeceptions
and took command of ‘‘A’’ Force, a dedicated deception unit. In
1944, following his pioneering work inventing deception stratagems,
he was transferred to London to supportD-Day, but was arrested in
Madrid on his way home in questionable circumstances, apparently
dressed as a woman.
In 1948 Clarke was appointed head of public opinion research at
Conservative Central Office and had his request for permission to
write a book about wartime deception, entitledThe Secret War,
turned down. He died in 1974.
CLAYTON, SIR ILTYD.Born in 1886 and educated at Lancing and
Woolwich, Iltyd Clayton served with the Royal Artillery during
World War I and in 1929 was posted to Iraq, where he spent the next
eight years. In World War II he headed theMiddle East Intelligence
Centreuntil 1943, when he was appointed adviser on Arab affairs to
the minister of state. In 1945 he was made head of theBritish Mid-
dle East Office, and he retired in 1948.
CLEMENTS, DICK.A political aide to two Labour party leaders, Neil
Kinnock and Michael Foot, Dick Clements was the editor of theTrib-
unefor 21 years until 1982. According to documents copied by the
KGBdefectorVasili Mitrokhin, Clements was anagent of influ-
encecodenameddanand was regarded by the KGBrezidenturain
London as the most important of their assets during the 1970s.
CLIVE, NIGEL.When Nigel Clive came down from Christ Church,
Oxford, in June 1940 he volunteered for the army and by Christmas