Historical Dictionary of British Intelligence

ROTHSCHILD, LORD• 463

Rosbaud’s wartime reports were particularly valuable because they helped

us correctly to conclude that work in Germany towards the release of nu-

clear energy at no time reached beyond the research stage; his information

thus calmed fears that otherwise might have beset us.

Rosbaud had been trained as a physicist at the Technische Hoch-

schule at Berlin-Charlottenburg and ‘‘although he did not have access

to their work it was clear that this had no association with a large-

scale effort such as the production of an atomic bomb would re-

quire.’’

After the war, Rosbaud went into partnership with publisher Rob-

ert Maxwell in a venture that became the Pergamon Press to exploit

the prewar scientific articles which had been banned for general re-

lease by the Nazis. When Rosbaud’s material was exhausted, Max-

well discarded him, and he died in London penniless in January

1963.

In 1986 Rosbaud was incorrectly identified as an SIS spy code-

namedthe griffinand as the author of the Oslo Report, which actu-

ally had been written byHans Mayer.

ROTE KAPELLE.Literally ‘‘red chapel,’’ therote kapellewas the
code name given by theAbwehrduring World War II to a lengthy
investigation and penetration of a largeGRUnetwork that extended
to Switzerland and Britain and was the subject of a detailed postwar
study conducted byMI5’sRobert Hemblys-ScalesandMichael
Serpell. A key figure in the network,Henri Robinson, was found to
have controlled agents in London before and during the war, and pa-
pers recovered from his flat in Paris identified some, but not all, of
its members.

ROTH, ANDREW.A World War II U.S. Naval Intelligence officer,
Andrew Roth was arrested by theFederal Bureau of Investigation
during theAmerasiainvestigation in which the journal’s editor,
Philip Jaffe, was convicted of the theft of government property. Roth
later moved as a correspondent for theNationto London, where he
editedParliamentary Profilesand played a leading role in exposing
theProfumoaffair.

ROTHSCHILD, LORD.Victor Rothschild inherited his peerage in
1937 from his uncle Lionel, his father having committed suicide by