502 • SOLDATENSENDER CALAIS
changed messages with Hamburg from his cell in Wandsworth Prison
using a hand cipher that proved extremely helpful to the Radio Secur-
ity Service experts working oniskandisostraffic.
Once accepted by the Abwehr,snowwas invited to a meeting in
Rotterdam, to which he was accompanied by an MI5 nominee, G. W.,
who posed as a militant Welsh nationalist. While in Holland,snow
was briefed to approachcharlie, who would act as his photogra-
pher, and was told to expect money from another German agent in
England, who turned out to be Mrs. Mathilde Krafft.
snowattended a further rendezvous with the Abwehr in Antwerp
in October 1939, also accompanied by G. W., and again in April- At another meeting, held in Lisbon,snowintroducedbiscuit
to his controller, and he was enrolled as an Abwehr spy and given
$3,000 and a transmitter. Indeed, the Abwehr trustedsnowto such
an extent that he was asked to supply identities for future spies, and
early in September 1940 Jose Waldberg,Charles van der Kieboom,
Carl Meier, and Sjoerd Pons were arrested on the Kent coast within
hours of having rowed ashore in a dinghy. All carried papers bearing
names supplied bysnowand three were hanged.
snowandbiscuitwere scheduled to attend a rendezvous with a
German submarine in the North Sea, apparently to receive another
agent, but although a trawler was arranged by MI5 to facilitate his
reception, there was a misunderstanding between the two men, with
each accusing the other of being atriple agentand really working
for the Abwehr. Whensnowwas searched, he was found to be carry-
ing unauthorized documents that subsequently were traced toWil-
liam Rolph, a retired MI5 officer.
In January 1941snowreturned to Lisbon accompanied by another
MI5 nominee,celery, who was taken to Hamburg for questioning
but then escorted back to Portugal and given £10,000 and some sabo-
tage equipment. Upon their returnsnow’s nerve failed and it was
decided to detain him at Dartmoor Prison, reporting to the Abwehr
that he had ceased operations because of a breakdown. He remained
in custody for the rest of the war, emigrated to Canada afterwards,
and died in Dublin.
SOLDATENSENDER CALAIS.Ostensibly a German radio station
broadcasting to troops stationed on the Western Front during World