40 • BELGIUM
frage had been a Party member in Britain and after coming to this country
got in touch with V. J. Jerome, who in turn put Belfrage in touch with
Yasha. For some time Cedric had been turning over to us extremely valu-
able information from the files of the B.I.S., most of which I saw before it
was relayed on to the Russians.Bentley’s ‘‘Yasha’’ was actually Golos, who was convicted of being
a Soviet agent, and V. J. Jerome was a leading member of the Com-
munist Party of the United States of America. From the moment in
1950 when Belfrage was informed officially he was to be investigated
by the FBI to his eventual deportation five years later, Belfrage con-
ducted a legal battle to remain in the United States. Despite Bentley’s
incriminating testimony, Belfrage was never charged because the of-
fenses he had committed against British interests had occurred in
America. In 1948 he founded the LeftistNational Guardian, the jour-
nal whose history he recounted inSomething to Guard. He later
wrote his autobiography,They All Hold Swords. Among his other
books areThe Frightened Giant, in which he described his departure
from the United States, andSeeds of Destruction,a critique of the
American postwar occupation of Germany.
In 1951 Belfrage was called to give evidence to the House Com-
mittee on Un-American Activities and was identified by several wit-
nesses as a leading Communist and the organizer of an underground
cell. He moved to Mexico, where he continued his journalism and
where he died in June 1991.BELGIUM.British Intelligence has enjoyed a very close relationship
with its Belgian counterparts since World War I, when many Belgian
patriots, suffering German occupation, participated inSecret Intelli-
gence Service(SIS) networks, among them thewhite lady.
During World War II, after the wheelchair-bound Colonel Edward
Calthrop and his SIS station had been evacuated from Brussels, SIS’s
country section (designated P7) maintained good ties with the Surete ́
d’Etat, headed by Baron Ferdnand Lepage, and the Deuxie`me Bu-
reau, led by Henri Bernard and Colonel Jean Marissal. The Belgian
government-in-exile, however, had many policy disagreements with
T Sectionof theSpecial Operations Executive(SOE) over the sab-
otage of economic targets. SOE’s disagreements with the Belgian au-
thorities centered on theherzellemission in 1942, which led to