Raphael Grabli retired from the IDF after the collapse of the Druse
espionage network. After the conquest of the Golan Heights in 1967,
Israel again set up a Druse espionage network there against Syria.GREENWALD, MALKIEL.SeeKASTNER, ISRAEL.GRODZINSKY, ZE’EV.Grodzinsky was a member of the Informa-
tion Service(Shai) who monitored British radio and telephone com-
munications in Palestine in the late 1930s. He gave special attention
and priority to the communications of the British Criminal Investiga-
tion Department (CID). He worked with another Shai member,
Ephraim Dekel, and with the support of mathematicians in the Ha-
ganah underground, to break the British codes, which were normally
changed weekly.GROSS, THEODORE.See GROSS AFFAIR.GROSS AFFAIR.Theodore Gross was born in the early 1920s in Hun-
gary. In his childhood he immigrated with his parents to South Africa.
As a young man, he studied music in Italy and performed in opera
productions in Italy and Mexico. During World War II, he served in
the British army as an intelligence officer and changed his name to
Ted Cross. He moved to the State of Israel after its establishment in
1948 and volunteered for the Israel Defense Forces. Through his
knowledge of English, German, Italian, French, and Spanish, as well
as his experience as an intelligence officer, Gross was recruited by
Asher Ben-Natanto the Political Department in the Israeli Foreign
Ministry. In Israel he was known by the Hebrew name David Magen,
but he was stationed as Ted Cross in Italy to set up a network of Arab
spies for Israel. In 1950 Gross was dispatched to Egypt to set up a
network of local informers there. When the Mossadacquired many
of the Political Department’s tasks, it took him over in Egypt.
In late 1951 the Israeli Security Agency(ISA) found evidence that
Gross was in fact working for Egyptian intelligence for pay. Isser
Harel, the director of the ISA, who had a unique talent for detecting
spies, double agents, and traitors, actually found Gross out. In contrast
to Gross’s former boss in the Political Department, Boris Guriel, who
continued to believe in Gross’s innocence, Harel remained convinced
that Gross was a traitor. Gross was ordered to leave Egypt immediatelyGROSS AFFAIR• 10306-102 (02) A-G.qxd 3/24/06 7:23 AM Page 103