head of the department, Moshe Sharett, in 1945. Posing as a jour-
nalist, Harmer made many important contacts with the high Egyptian
echelons, including senior editors of the leading Cairo newspaper Al-
Ahram. Harmer also made exceptional contacts with foreign diplo-
mats in Egypt. Following meetings of the Arab League in Cairo in
December 1947 and February 1948, she reported to the Political De-
partment in Tel Aviv on the resolutions adopted, mailing them via Eu-
rope. From her sources, she found out the plans of the Egyptian and
other Arab armies following the approaching termination of the
British Mandate in Palestine. From a British officer stationed in
Egypt, she obtained information about relations between Britain and
the Kingdom of Jordan. Much of the material Harmer obtained was
of high strategic value. She also set up an espionage network in
Egypt, although it collapsed upon the Arab invasion of Israel on 15
May 1948.
In June 1948, Harmer was arrested in Egypt. In prison she fell ill,
and by some means she received help to be released. In August 1948
she left Egypt for Paris, from where she kept in touch with her Egypt-
ian contacts. From October 1948 Harmer became the key figure of the
Paris branch of the Israeli Foreign Ministry’s Middle East Department.
In the 1950s she worked for Israel in Madrid.HAZAK, REUVEN.A former officer of the Israeli Security Agency
(ISA), Hazak left his civilian job as director-general of the Jerusalem
municipality in 1981 at the request of the director of the ISA, Avra-
ham Shalom, and returned to the agency as Shalom’s deputy. He
held this post until 1986. In April 1984 Hazak was put in charge of
an operation to detect the members of a Jewish terrorist organization
suspected of the attempted assassinations of the mayors of Nablus,
Ramallah, and El Bireh on 2 June 1980. The mission was initially
code-named the Dead End Operation, but Hazak superstitiously
changed this to the Green Light Operation. Hazak and his team dis-
covered that in addition to the attacks on the mayors and the murder
of three Palestinian students at the Islamic College in Hebron, the ter-
rorist settlers had planned to blow up the Dome of the Rock on the
Temple Mount in Jerusalem.
In October 1985 Hazak called on Shalom to resign because of
Shalom’s personal misconduct and cover-up in the Bus 300 Affair.HAZAK, REUVEN• 11106-102 (03) H-P.qxd 3/24/06 7:24 AM Page 111