Soviet active measures were carefully coordinated with the Inter-
national Department of the Communist PartyCentral Committee,
and were well financed. Within the KGB, covert actions were man-
aged by Service A (the successor of Service D) of the First Chief Di-
rectorate. These activities actually backfired as often as they worked.
Evidence that the KGB was behind the AIDS stories emerged in the
1980s and created devastatingly bad publicity for Moscow at a time
when the Soviet Union was seeking better relations with Washington.ADAMS, ARTHUR ALEKSANDROVICH (1885–1970). The
longest serving military intelligence illegalin the United States was
an Old Bolshevikand colleague of Vladimir Lenin. Adams began
work for the GRUin the 1920s, collecting information about U.S.
military technology. Under a number of aliases, he reentered the
United States in 1938 and began working with agents who had access
to the American nuclear weapons program. Several of Adams’s
agents were exposed by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in
1944–1945, but he avoided arrest. In 1946, he was able to board a So-
viet ship and disappeared for the last time. He retired as a colonel.ADMINISTRATION FOR SPECIAL TASKS. Beginning in the early
1930s, the Soviet security service had two foreign intelligence divi-
sions: a Foreign Intelligence Department, which controlled intelli-
gence officers under legal cover, and the Administration for Special
Tasks, which directed illegal operations. The Administration for Spe-
cial Tasks also directed assassinations of enemies of the Soviet state,
including Leon Trotskyand the leaders of émigrémovements. Fol-
lowing the death of Joseph Stalin, the division was abolished and
many of its leaders arrested, including Pavel Sudoplatov, Leonid
Eitingon, and Yakov Serebryanskiy. Illegal operations were then
placed under the control of Directorate S of the KGBFirst Chief Di-
rectorate. Support for illegal activities in KGB rezidenturas(intelli-
gence stations) was conducted by Line N officers.ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANS DEPARTMENT (AOD). The AOD
of the Communist PartyCentral Committee was responsible after
1953 for the party’s management of the security service, the uni-
formed police, and the judiciary. Oversight of the AOD was con-4•ADAMS, ARTHUR ALEKSANDROVICH (1885–1970)06-313 A-G.qxd 7/27/06 7:54 AM Page 4