Historical Dictionary of United States Intelligence

of the intelligence community. This was especially so regarding the

Pentagon’s intelligence units, over which the secretary of defense re-

tained complete control. From time to time, a particular secretary of

defense would give lip service to allowing the DCI greater authority

over the defense-related intelligence organizations, but no defense

secretary to date has relinquished any significant amount of power to

the DCI. Under the terms of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism

Prevention Actof 2004, the DCI is now only the director of the Cen-

tral Intelligence Agency(CIA). See alsoAppendix A; BUSH,

GEORGE H. W.; CASEY, WILLIAM J.; COLBY, WILLIAM E.;

DEUTCH, JOHN M.; GATES, ROBERT M.; GOSS, PORTER;

HELMS, RICHARD M.; HILLENKOETTER, ROSCOE; McCONE,

JOHN A.; RABORN, WILLIAM F., JR.; SCHLESINGER, JAMES

R.; SMITH, WALTER BEDELL; SOUERS, SIDNEY; TENET,

GEORGE J.; TURNER, STANSFIELD; VANDENBERG, HOYT;

WEBSTER, WILLIAM H.; WOOLSEY, R. JAMES, JR.

DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE DIRECTIVES

(DCIDs).DCIDs are instructions to the intelligence community

(IC) agencies on implementing the decisions of the president and the

National Security Council (NSC). The DCI’s staff transforms pres-

idential directives (PDs) emanating from the NSC to DCIDs, provid-

ing guidance on myriad issues ranging from security classification

and handling of classified information to personnel issues governing

hiring, firing, retention, and retirement. DCIDs remain in force until

supplanted by other DCIDs.

DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE (DNI). A position

long considered essential for overcoming the parochial interests and

the turf wars of the intelligence agencies in the intelligence commu-

nity (IC), the office of the DNI was established by the Intelligence

Reform and Terrorism Prevention Actof December 2004. The

9/11 Commissionreport, issued in July 2004, and the families of the

victims of the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001considered a

strong DNI the central ingredient in reforming American intelligence

to respond to future terrorist attacks. Legislation creating the DNI as

chief of the National Intelligence Authority(NIA) and providing

for antiterror immigration and law enforcement measures quickly

58 • DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE DIRECTIVES

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