Historical Dictionary of United States Intelligence

SCARECROW PRESS, INC.

Published in the United States of America

by Scarecrow Press, Inc.

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The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.

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Copyright © 2006 by Michael A. Turner

The author, a former CIA employee, submitted this manuscript to the

CIA’s Publication Review Board, which reviewed it to assist the author

in eliminating classified information. The board posed no security objection

to the book’s publication. This review, however, should not be construed as

official release of information, confirmation of accuracy, or an endorsement

of the author’s views.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,

stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any

means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,

without the prior permission of the publisher.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Turner, Michael A., 1947–

Historical dictionary of United States intelligence / Michael A. Turner.

p. cm.—(Historical dictionaries of intelligence and counterintelligence ; no. 2)

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN 0-8108-4947-X (hardcover : alk. paper)

1. Intelligence service—United States—History—Dictionaries. 2. Military
   intelligence—United States—History—Dictionaries. I. Title. II. Series.

JK468.I6T863 2006

327.1273'03—dc

2005016699

∞™The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of

American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper

for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992.

Manufactured in the United States of America.

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