NOTESTO PAGES114-116 263
14Oct.1915;Dadrian,278-79;andRathmann,StossrichtungNshost,139-40.Regard-
ingLepsius'sprotestto EnverPasha,see "Von Dr.PaulRohrbach, 21 September1915,"
YUL/Jackhpapers/z/yo,EspeciallyinterestingistheAA'scriticismofLepsius'slec-
turein Oct. 1915 denouncingtheArmenianpersecution;note"AuszugausdemVorttag
des Dr.JohannesLepsiusvom5.10.15uberdie LagederTurkischenArmenier.,"YUL/
jackhpapers/a/yr.OnMetternich,seePomiankowski,176;Dadrian,207;andFried-
man,Germany,Turkey,andZionism,273.
- See, forexample,Thorav.Wedel-JarlsbergandEva Elvers,"Berichtuberdie
EreignisseinErsingjan,juni1915.";andtheunsignedreport,"IV. Anlage," 18July1915,
YUL/JackhPapers/2/49.
73.McMahonto Grey, 24 Oct.1915,containingamemorandum,"NoteonPropa-
ganda,etc.onthepartofGermansgiving theimpressionthatthey ortheirSovereign
andGovernmenthadembracedIslamor were insympathywithAnti-ChristianMani-
festationson thepartofIgnorantorFanaticalMoslems.," n.d.,PRO/FO371/2354/163829;
andWO,"IntelligenceSummary.,"29Julyand 14 Sept.1915,PRO/WO157/693,695.
74.HenryMorgenthau(U.S.ambassadorinTurkey)toRobertLansing(U.S. sec-
retaryofstate),12Aug.1915,UnitedStates,PapersRelatingtothe ForeignRelations
oftheUnited States,1915,SupplementtotheWorldWar, 985.AccordingtoTrumpener,
"GermanyandtheEndoftheOttomanEmpire," 128,theReicheitheropposedthe
Armenianpersecutionoradoptedapolicyof"diplomaticrestraint."
- See below,177.
- Weber,182;WangenheimtoBethmannHollweg,2 Apr.1915,NARA/T-137/24/
0160-61;Wesendonk,"G.A.,"n.d.(butis Apr.1915);Wangenheimto AA, IS May1915,
NARA/T-120/4951/L366766-67,L367134;andWangenheimto AA,19Apr.1915,NARA/
T-137/143/or66.
77.ManyoftheGermanaccusationsare in AA,mernorandum.yNov.1915,NARA/
T-120/4952/L367858-860. See also,Wallach,Anatomie,194.Regardingprewaropposi-
tionofGermanytoJemal,noteabove,29-30.
78.Themeetingisdiscussedin AA,memorandum.yNov.1915,NARA/T-120/4952/
L367858-860.
79.OppenheimtoBethmannHollweg,9 Aug.1915,NARA/T-137/24/0766-69;and
NeurathtoBethmannHollweg,23Aug.1915,NARA/T-120/4952/L367614-615.
80.On21Aug.1915,Jemalbegantheterrorbyexecuringeleven Arableaders.He
alsokilledChristiansinLebanon.SeeKedourie,EnglandandtheMiddleEast,63-64;
Antonius,186-87;andDawn,FromOttomanismtoArsbism,32.
81.Ofthe Allies heinquiredwhetherinexchangefor histakingSyriaandthe
TurkishFourthArmyoutofthewar, theywouldrecognizehimastherulerofan
independentstatecarvedfromtheArabprovincesoftheTurkishempire.Evidence
fromdocumentsintheRussianarchivesis in Zeine, II3 n. 35.
82.Wesendonk,"G. A.," 3 May1915;AA(Zimmermann)toGermanembassy
Constantinople,IS May1915;andWangenheimtoBethmannHollweg,30 May1915,
NARA/T-120/4951/L367061-062, L3^67 II3-15,367298-99.
83.RegardingtheapproachoftheArabnationaliststoBritain,noteFromkin,
chapter23;andIsaiahFriedman,TheQuestionoi'Pslestine,1914-1918:British-]ewish-
ArabRelations,69-70.Onal-Masri'scareer,seeFromkin,99-101, 108, 177,196, 220,
225-27,318;andMajidKhadduri,ArabContemporaries:The RoleoEPersonalitiesin
Politics,7-18.
