War by Revolution. Germany and Great Britain in the Middle East in the Era of World War I

268 NOTESTO PAGES132-136

43.HansLuhrs,GegenspielerdesOberstenLawrence,9thed., 49-103.
44.Moberly,I:I98-219;Wangenheimto AA,19Apr.1915;andentriesfor 15March-
16 April1915,"KriegstagebuchderKarun-ExpeditionvonMajorKlein,1914/1915.,"
NARA/T-137/142/0425,0461-72.
45.Britainclaimedthatthedamagewasconsiderable;engineersburnedthirty-six
milliongallonsofoil topreventitsoverflowintotheKarunRiver. SeeGehrke,Persien,
1:1:94-95·
46.Wangenheimto AA, 10 Oct.1915,NARA/T-137/141/0364;andMoberly,1:193,
35 0-56.

47. See"TagebuchdesVerbindungsoffiziersfurPersien,Rittmeisterder Reserve
    Sarrevom 1. Mai bis17.juli1915;"Kardorff(Teheranlegarion)toConstantinople
    embassy,22 Apr.1915;SarretoNadolny,20 Apr.1915,NARA/T-137/140/0330, 0674,
    0712-13;andNiedermayer,"Berichr: IV," 30 Apr.1915,NARA/T-137/141/0087-88.
    48.Gehrke,Persien,1:I:IIO-II.


48. AA toConstantinopleembassy,7, 10,and16Apr.1915,NARA/T-137/140/0576,
    0595, 06II-12;andGehrke,Petsien,1:1:133-34.


49. IWM,Operationsin Persia,62; Vogel,63-64;Gehrke,Persien,1:1:104;and
    Niedermayer,"Bericht:IV," 30 Apr.1915,NARA/T-137/141/0087-88.
    51.Gehrke,Petsien,1:1:63,100, 105.ReusshadbeenonvacationinGermanywhen
    thewarbegan,andhe wassenttoBelgium;whenGermanybecameinterestedin
    Persia,theAAreturnedhimthere.


50. IWM,Operationsin Persia, 62-64.
    53.Theseissues arediscussedinRathmann,SrossrichtungNehost,130;andGehrke,
    Petsien,1:1:III-18.
    54.Wangenheimto AA,8 May1915,NARA/T-137/142/0684;Niedermayer,"Berichc
    IV,"NARA/T-137/141/0089;andWangenheimto AA,10May1915,NARA/T-137/140/0695.
    55.Nadolnyto AA (forKanitz),21May1915;andWangenheimto AA,12May1915,
    NARA/T-137/140/0727-28, 0699,respectively.
    56.RegardingRauf'sbrutalattackonKarind,notetheentryfor 5July 1915 in
    "TagebuchdesVerbindungsoffiziersfurPersien,Rittmeisterder ReserveSarrevom I.
    Mai bis17.juli1915.,"NARA/T-137/141/0341.


51. See hisreportinWangenheimtoBethmannHollweg, 14 June1915,NARA/T-
    137/142/0483-84.RegardingtheShiiterebellion,causedinpartbyTurkishattempts
    toconfiscatetreasuresfromthemosquesintheholycities,noteWangenheimto
    AA, 26June1915;Baghdadconsulate(Hesse) toConstantinopleembassy,NARA/T-
    137/140/0816,0840;andSarretoConstantinopleembassy,8July1915,NARA/T-137/
    14 1/OII5·
    58.Humann,"BesprechungmitEnverPaschavom4.Juli1915.,"YUL/JackhPa-
    pers/l/25;andWangenheimto AA, 17and 20 June1915,NARA/T-137/140/0795, 0788,
    respectively.
    59.Gehrke,Persien,1:1:165-67;AAtoConstantinople,15June1915;andWangenheim
    to AA,IIJune1915,NARA/T-137/140/0765, 0757,respectively.
    60.TheexpeditionmembersremainedsubordinatetoNiedermayer.Note
    WangenheimtoBethmannHollweg,14July1915,NARA/T-137/140/0863;andReuss,
    "Abschrift,Entzifferung.," 8 Sept.1915,NARA/T-137/141/0232.
    61.ThisaccountoftheiractivitiesandadvanceintoAfghanistanisbasedonthe
    largeliteratureonthesubject.See, forexample,Vogel, 71-74;Gehrke,Persien,1:1:148-